Supplementary Figure S1. Standardized start and end positions for the front lat pulldown across attachment conditions. Photographs show representative standardized start and end positions using the actual experimental setup. Participants were seated with the thighs secured beneath the leg pad and the pelvis stabilized on the seat. The attachment was pulled in front of the body toward the upper- to mid-chest while the elbows were drawn downward without excessive backward displacement, and was then returned under control to the starting position. SB = straight bar; WVS = wide V-shaped handle; CB = cambered bar; RP = rope attachment.