Figure 1. Comparison of cell viability for all treatments relative to media only control. * denotes statistically significant less chondrocyte viability at 37°C compared to 23°C and 4°C for chondrocytes treated with lidocaine (p < 0.001). ** denotes significant difference chondrocyte viability between the 37°C and 23°C conditions from the 4°C condition (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002 respectively). # denotes statistically significant difference between lidocaine treated chondrocytes and chondrocytes treated with media, PBS, or ropivacaine at 37°C (p < 0.001). ## denotes significant difference between media and bupivacaine at both 37°C and 23°C (p < 0.001). ### denotes significant difference between the media and ropivacaine groups from the bupivacaine treatment groups at 4°C (p = 0.018 and p = 0.034 respectively).