Table 1. Substrate oxidation during exercise in children, adolescents and adults with CHO or water intake.
Age
(years)		 CHO intake
Ex. protocol		 Treatment Time
(min)		 RER 1 Substrate
Fat (%)		 Oxidation
CHO(%)
Riddell, 2000a 15 1.5 g·kg-1·h-1
91 g·h-1		 water 60 0.92 20-25 80-75
60 min at 60% peak VO2 CHO 60 0.94 18-23 82-77
Riddell, 2000b 15 1.4 g·kg-1·h-1
~170 g·2h-1		 control
 60
90		 0.92 - 0.91
- 0.91		 24-30
24-54		 76-70
76-46
120 min at 60% peak VO2 CHO 60
90		 0.95 - 0.94
- 0.93		 15-23
15-20		 85-77
85-80
Riddell, 2001 12.5 ~1.5 g·kg-1·h-1
67 ±15 g·h-1 approx av.
for G & GF drinks		 control 30-60
90		 0.87 - 0.83
- 0.83		 40-55
40-55		 60-45
60-45
90 min at 55%
peak VO2		 CHO 30-60
90		 0.90 - 0.86
- 0.85		 32-45
32-45		 67-55
67-55
Timmons, 2001 10 ~1.4 g·kg-1·h-1
boys ~50 g·h-1
men ~119 g·h-1

60 min at 70% peak VO2		 control
boys
control
men
CHO boys
CHO men		 30-60
30-60


30-60
30-60		 0.91 - 0.88
0.96 - 0.93


0.91 - 0.91
0.96 - 0.94		 32-35
15-20


30-30
15-18		 68-65
85-80


70-70
85-82
Montfort, 2005 15-17 1.4 g·kg-1·h-1
65 ±7.2 g · h-1		 control 30-60
90		 0.96 – 0.95
0.93		 11-15
19		 89-85
- 81
~ 102 g ·90 min CHO 30-60
90		 0.96 – 0.96
0.94		 10-10
17		 90-90
- 83
Riddell, 2003 adults 1 g·kg-1·h-1
~ 78 g · h-1
~ 117 g ·90 min		 control 2
adults		 60
90		 0.95 - 0.92
- 0.91		 22 72
90 min at 60% peak VO2 CHO
adults		 60
90		 0.97 - 0.94
- 0.94		 16 80
RER does not include resting values; Substrate oxidation data (% fat and carbohydrate) represent the last 60 min of exercise.