Table 1. Blood hormone and metabolite concentrations during fasting on Day 4 (Baseline Diet) and Day 7 (Experimental Diet), and before and after exercise on Day 8 (Experimental Diet) during the Low-fat (LFAT) and Moderate-Fat (MFAT) Trials. Data are means (±SD).
LFAT Trial MFAT Trial
Fasting
Day 4 Day 7 Day 4 Day 7
Ghrelin (pg·ml-1) 1044 (95) 987 (94) 1022 (94) 1029 (94) Š§b
PYY (pg·ml-1) 104 (8) 99 (8) 97 (8) 100 (8) Š§b
Glucose (mg·dl-1) 93 (6) 92 (8) 91 (7) 92 (9) Š¦
Insulin (uU·ml-1) 7.5 (7.5) 6.4(3.3) 5.8 (2.5) 5.6 (1.7) Š§b
GH (ug·ml-1) 3.6 (4.7) 3.6 (5.5) 2.4 (4.1) 5.0 (8.2) Š¦
Exercise Following Controlled Breakfast
Day 8
Pre-Exercise		 Day 8
Post-Exercise		 Day 8
Pre-Exercise		 Day 8
Post-Exercise
Ghrelin 823 (94) 976 (94) 853 (94) 972 (94) Š§c
PYY 146 (8) 154 (8) 131 (8) 159 (8) Š§c
Glucose (mg·dl-1) 83 (12) 135 (29) 85 (15) 140 (31) Š§ c
Insulin (uU·ml-1) 16.5 (13.1) 11.4 (7.6) 14.3 (8.3) 11.9 (8.2) Š§
GH (ug·ml-1) 2.7 (6.0) 23.8 (16.8) 2.9 (4.2) 27.3 (17.0) Š§ c
Lactate (mmol·l-1) 1.6 (.4) 5.7 (2.0) 1.7 (.6) 5.6 (2.1) Š§
PYY, peptide YY; GH, growth hormone. Š§ significant effect of time (p < 0.0001); significant difference day 7 (fasting state) vs. day 8 pre-exercise (fed state) (adjusted p < 0.05); significant difference day 8 pre-exercise vs. post-exercise (adjusted p > 0.05). There was no significant influence of diet (p > 0.10, diet*time and time effect) for any hormones of metabolites.