Table 1 Comparison of demographic and anthropometric characteristics and dietary intakes derived from 7 day food diaries in gymnasts and controls. Values are expressed as mean (±SEM).
| Variable |
Controls (n=19) |
Gymnasts (n=25) |
| Age (y) |
12.00 (.46) |
13.00 (.70) |
| PA (mins/ week) |
304.00 (31.21) |
1308.60 (38.06) *** |
| Height (m) |
1.50 (.03) |
1.40 (.02) |
| Weight (Kg) |
42.60 (3.10) |
34.00 (1.44)** |
| BMI (Kg/m2) |
19.20 (.77) |
17.00 (.34) ** |
| SFF (%) |
23.50 (.77) |
18.00 (.51) *** |
| MAC (cm) |
23.60 (.73) |
21.90 (.37) * |
| Macronutrients |
|
|
| Energy (Kcal) |
1822.5 (66.3) |
1740.50 (79.77) |
| CHO(g) |
246.70 (12.27) |
237.00 (11.14) |
| Fat (g) |
74.70 (2.94) |
69.50 (3.99) *** |
| Protein (g) |
56.70 (2.42) |
56.40 (2.26) |
| SFA (g) |
28.80 (1.11) |
25.70 (1.61) *** |
| MUFA (g) |
23.80 (1.07) |
22.90 (1.32) |
| PUFA (g) |
11.50 (.65) |
12.40 (.85) |
| Chol (mg) |
170.70 (13.48) |
163.60 (10.55) *** |
| Micronutrients |
|
|
| Se (mg) |
36.10 (1.36) |
34.00 (2.76) *** |
| Zinc (mg) |
6.20 (.27) |
5.90 (.30) |
| Vitamin A |
635.30 (87.13) |
727.70 (88.22) |
| Vit C (mg) |
85.80 (11.85) |
86.50 (14.23) |
| Vit E (mg) |
4.90 (.67) |
5.00 (.54) |
Significance of difference compared to the controls;* p < 0.05,** p < 0.01,*** p < 0.001. PA, physical activity; BMI, body mass index; SFF, skin fold fat; MAC, mid arm circumference; CHO, carbohydrates; SFA, saturated fatty acid; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; Chol, cholesterol; Se, selenium; Zn, zinc; Vit, vitamins.
