Table 1. Ball velocity, maximal velocity of the center of mass in goal-directed movement and throwing accuracy variables for all throwing techniques. -value for determination of statistical differences for four variables, adjusted using the Bonferroni correction < 0.01. Data are means (± SD).
|
standing throw
without run-up |
standing throw
with run-up |
jump throw |
pivot throw |
P-value |
Effect size |
| Velocity (m·s-1) |
| †ƒBall velocity |
22.3 (1.2) |
23.9 (1.2) |
21.9 (1.6) |
20.4 (1.2) |
< .001a,c,d,e,f |
.97 |
| †ƒMaximal velocity center of mass in goal-directed movement |
1.5 (.3) |
3.0 (.3) |
2.6 (.4) |
1.6 (.3) |
< .001a,b,d,e,f |
.95 |
| Throwing precision |
| †ƒMissed throws (%) |
16 (12) |
20 (7) |
19 (10) |
15 (11) |
.44 |
.21 |
| †ƒMean radial error (m) |
.30 (.11) |
.30 (.10) |
.32 (.07) |
.38 (.08) |
.21 |
.51 |
a: significant difference (p < 0.05) between standing throw with and without run-up; b: significant difference (p < 0.05) between standing throw and jump throw; c: significant difference (p < 0.05) between standing throw and pivot throw; d: significant difference (p < 0.05) between standing throw with run-up and jump throw; e: significant difference (p < 0.05) between standing throw with run-up and pivot throw; f: significant difference (p < 0.05) between jump throw and pivot throw.
