Table 1. Comparison of CSA within groups and between groups. Values are means (±SD)
|  |  | Experimental (n=12) | Control (n=12) | 
| L2 (mm2) | pre | 351.62 (45.75) | 355.37 (57.19) | 
| post | 365.56 (44.39) * | 362.04 (55.61) * | 
| change (95% CI) | 13.94 (14.86) (4.50-23.38) | 6.67 (7.10) (2.16-11.17) | 
| L3 (mm2) | pre | 578.67 (67.58) | 586.03 (88.59) | 
| post | 610.25 (59.52) * | 601.60 (86.26) * | 
| change (95% CI) | 31.58 (48.49) (0.77-62.39) | 15.57 (14.44) (6.39-24.74) | 
| L4 (mm2) | pre | 913.92 (61.52) | 919.75 (81.32) | 
| post | 1085.57 (73.59) * | 995.84 (117.59) * | 
| change (95% CI) | 171.66 (46.95) †  (141.82-201.49) | 76.09 (91.42) (18.00-134.17) | 
| L5 (mm2) | pre | 1175.38 (164.74) | 1187.14 (220.48) | 
| post | 1454.82 (125.49) * | 1290.48 (230.95) * | 
| change (95% CI) | 279.43 (69.83) †  (235.06-323.80) | 103.34 (70.17) (58.76-147.93) | 
 p < 0.05 indicate differences between experimental and control groups p < 0.05 indicate differences between pre- and post-training exercise groups.CSA: Cross sectional area, CI: Confidence intervals.