Table 1. Survey VAS overall means and standard deviations.
Variable Mean SD
UCI Factors (banned and non-banned PEPs)
Importance in selecting BANNED substance - “Getting caught by Anti-doping agency” 35.01 41.38
Importance in selecting BANNED substance - “The amount of Performance Improvement” 38.84 41.11
Importance in selecting BANNED substance - “Risk to Health” 80.22 32.81
Importance in selecting BANNED substance - “Violation of the Spirit of Sport” 75.72 36.41
Importance in selecting NON-BANNED substance - “Getting caught by Anti-doping agency” 12.34 27.82
Importance in selecting NON-BANNED substance -"The amount of Performance Improvement” 64.46 37.17
Importance in selecting NON-BANNED substance -"Risk to Health” 83.66 29.62
Importance in selecting NON-BANNED substance -"Violation of the Spirit of Sport” 45.56 41.10
Doping Incentive Factors (for ALL PEPs)
Importance of Winning 53.76 37.90
Importance of Obtaining/retaining Sponsorship 26.99 36.45
Importance of Maintaining competitiveness with others who are using performance enhancing products 49.76 40.91
Note: VAS anchors were “Not at all important” and “Exemely important”