Table 1. Constant low (10 km.h
-1) velocity running kinematics, spring-mass variables and psycho-physiological responses before and after the intervention in LHTL and LHTLH groups. Data are means (±SD).
|
LHTL |
LHTLH |
ANOVA P value (η2) |
Before |
After |
Before |
After |
Group |
Time |
Interaction |
Running kinematics |
Contact time (s) |
.266 (.023) |
.268 (.021) |
.257 (.013) |
.255 (.012) |
.197 (.09) |
.937 (.00) |
.300 (.06) |
Aerial time (s) |
.106 (.030) |
.100 (.027) |
.104 (.013) |
.100 (.012) |
.909 (.01) |
.078 (.16) |
.744 (.06) |
Step frequency (Hz) |
2.70 (.16) |
2.73 (.16) |
2.78 (.14) |
2.82 (.15) |
.188 (.09) |
.046 (.20) |
.665 (.02) |
Step length (m) |
1.03 (.06) |
1.02 (.06) |
1.00 (.05) |
.99 (.05) |
.192 (.09) |
.078 (.16) |
.917 (.01) |
Dynamics and spring-mass characteristics |
Mean loading rate (BW·s-1) |
43.2 (7.5) |
41.8 (7.1) |
44.4 (12.5) |
43.0 (10.1) |
.772 (.01) |
.197 (.09) |
.966 (.00) |
Peak vertical forces (BW) |
2.43 (.24) |
2.39 (.22) |
2.50 (.14) |
2.44 (.12) |
.513 (.02) |
.061 (.18) |
.575 (.02) |
CoM vertical displacement (m) |
.063 (.008) |
.061 (.009) |
.060 (.008) |
.055 (.007) |
.263 (.07) |
.012 (.30) |
.208 (.09) |
Leg compression (m) |
.115 (.012) |
.113 (.013) |
.107 (.009) |
.101 (.009) |
.046 (.20) |
.033 (.23) |
.140 (.12) |
Vertical stiffness (kN·m-1) |
30.3 (2.8) |
31.1 (4.2) |
32.2 (4.7) |
34.4 (4.4) |
.150 (.11) |
.021 (.26) |
.273 (.07) |
Leg stiffness (kN·m-1) |
16.6 (2.2) |
16.6 (2.3) |
18.0 (2.9) |
18.5 (2.6) |
.151 (.11) |
.345 (.05) |
.199 (.09) |
Psycho-physiological responses |
Heart rate (beats·m-1) |
131(11) |
123(8) |
125(14) |
121(11) |
.431 (.04) |
.003 (.41) |
.153 (.11) |
RPE (points) |
6.8 (1.0) |
7.7 (2.0) |
7.2 (.8) |
7.4 (1.4) |
.905 (.00) |
.125 (.13) |
.341 (.05) |
BW: Body weight, CoM: Center of mass vertical displacement, RPE: Ratings of perceived exertion