Table 1. Data-extraction of included studies.
N
Type of injury
Definition RTPf Athletes RTPf (%) Functional
performance tests
Timing functional performance tests Timing
follow-up
Outcomes
Ardern et al., 2011b 503 ACLR Return
to full
competition
33.4% attempted
full competition (n=168)
Single hop for distance
Crossover hop
for distance
12 months
following ACLR
12 months
following ACLR
Athletes with good results on both hop test were significantly more likely than athletes with poor results to have attempted full competition RR 2.5 (95% CI 1.4-4.4)
Edwards et al., 2018 113 ACLR Return
to level I
or level II
on the NSARS
64% (n=72) Single hop for Distance Crossover hop
for distance
Triple hop for distance
6-meter timed hop
10-14 months
following ACLR
10-14 months following ACLR Single hop for distance (LSI %)* RTPf 94.2 ±8.2; No RTPf 77.1 ±17.6
Crossover hop for distance (LSI %)* RTPf 94.0 ±8.2; No RTPf 76.4 ±20.7
Triple hop for distance (LSI %)* RTPf 94.6 ±8.9; No RTPf 77.9 ±19.1
6-meter timed hop (LSI %)* RTPf 94.0 ±8.8; No RTPg 78.4 ±18.6
Hamrin Senorski et al., 2017 157 ACLR Return
to pre-injury
Tegner
33% (n=52) Single hop
for distance
Vertical jump
Side hop
10 (6-18) months
following ACLR
10 (6-18)
months
following ACLR
Men
Vertical jump IL (cm/kg)RTPf 0.26 ±0.07; No RTPf 0.27 ±0.07
Vertical jump NL (cm/kg)RTPf 0.29 ±0.05; No RTPf 0.27 ±0.06
Single hop for distance IL (cm/kg)RTPf 2.0 ±0.3; No RTPf 2.0 ±0.3
Single hop for distance NL (cm/kg)RTPf 2.1 ±0.4; No RTPf 2.1 ±0.4
Side hop IL (n/kg)RTPf 0.8 ±0.1; No RTPf 0.7 ±0.2
Side hop NL (n/kg)RTPf 0.8 ±0.1; No RTPf 0.7 ±0.1
Women
Vertical jump IL (cm/kg)RTPf 0.23 ±0.04; No RTPf 0.21 ±0.06
Vertical jump NL (cm/kg)RTPf 0.26 ±0.04; No RTPf 0.27 ±0.03
Single hop for distance IL (cm/kg)RTPf 2.1 ±0.4; No RTPf 1.9 ±0.3
Single hop for distance NL (cm/kg)RTPf 2.1 ±0.3; No RTPf 2.0 ±0.3
Side hop IL (n/kg)*RTPf 0.7 ±0.2; No RTPf 0.5 ±0.2
Side hop NL (n/kg)*RTPf 0.8 ±0.2; No RTPf 0.6 ±0.2
Langford et al., 2009 65 ACLR Return to full
competition
52% (n=33) Single hop for Distance Crossover hop
for distance
12 months
following ACLR
12 months
following ACLR
Single hop for distance (LSI %)RTPf 90.95±8.21; No RTPf 88.87 ±9.77
Crossover hop for distance (LSI %)RTPf 92.32±.50; No RTPf 91.85±10.40
Lee et al., 2019 52 PCLR Previous
sports
activity level
9 months following PCLR: 73% (n=38)
24 months
following PCLR: 87% (n=45)
Single hop
for distance
Vertical jump
9, 12, and
24 months
following PCLR
29.5 ± 8.6 months
following PCLR
Single hop for distance (LSI%) RTPf 95.8±11.8; No RTPf 88.6±10.5
Vertical jump (LSI%)*RTPf 94.7 ±10.0; No RTPf 87.2 ±9.7*
LSI Vertical jump significantly associated with not returning to pre-injury sports activity levels at 9 monthsOR 2.2 (1.212-9.227)
Muller et al., 2015 39 ACLR Return to
pre-injury
level of sport
79% (n=31) Single hop for distance
Crossover hop for distance
Triple hop for distance
Square hop
6 months
following ACLR
7 months following ACLR Single hop for distance (LSI %)* RTPf 85.6 ±20.0; No RTPf 61.7 ±20.5
Crossover hop for distance (LSI %)* RTPf 91.9 ±14.3; No RTPf 75.1 ±18.5
Triple hop for distance (LSI %)* RTPf 88.3 ±10.1; No RTPf 72.1 ±13.1
Square hop (LSI %) RTPf 87.5 ±20.4; No RTPf 83.8 ±44.6
AUC (LSI %) RTPf
Single hop for distance 0.823 (75.4)
Crossover hop for distance 0.762 (77.2)
Triple hop for distance 0.839 (90.2)
Nawasreh et al., 2018 95 ACLR Return to
pre-injury
activity level
12 months
following ACLR: 61% (49/80)
24 months
following ACLR: 67% (60/80)
Single hop for distance
Crossover hop for distance
Triple hop for distance
6-meter timed hop
6 months
following ACLR
12 months
following ACLR
Single hop for distance OR (95% CI)
12 months 1.07 (1.01-1.14); 24 months 1.15 (1.05-1.26)*
Crossover hop for distance OR (95% CI)
12 months 1.06 (0.99-1.15); 24 months 1.12 (1.03-1.21)*
Triple hop for distance OR (95% CI)
12 months 1.11 (1.02-1.20); 24 months 1.17 (1.05-1.31)*
6-meter timed hop OR (95% CI)
12 months 1.13 (1.04-1.22); 24 months 1.18 (1.06-1.31)*
Webster et al., 2019 222 ACLR Return to
pre-injury sports
61% (n=135) Single hop for distance Crossover hop
for distance
12 and 24 months following ACLR 3 years
(range 2-4 years)
Average LSI (%) single and crossover hop for distance
RTPf 98 ±9; No RTPf 95 ±11 OR 1.03 (95% CI 1.00 – 1.06)
*Significant difference between return to performance or not (p<0.05), ACLR=Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, AUC=Area Under Curve, CI=Confidence Interval, cm=centimeter, IL=Injured Limb, kg=kilogram, LSI=Limb Symmetry Index, NL=Noninjured Limb, NSARS=Noyes Sports Activity Rating Scale, OR=Odds Ratio, ROC=Receiver Operating Curve, RR=Risk Ratio, RTPf=Return to performance.