Table 1. Multivariate tests results.
Variables Effect value(Pillai’s Trace) F value p-value
Time Group Time x Group Time Group Time x Group Time Group Time x Group
Stress .022 .119 .029 2.671 7.990 1.790 .105 .001** .171
EE .336 .085 .089 59.751 5.545 5.732 .000** .005** .004**
Cynicism .066 .056 .174 8.393 3.486 12.397 .004** .034* .000**
PE .173 .211 .247 24.665 15.792 19.303 .000** .000** .000**
Burnout .279 .274 .205 45.639 22.289 15.204 .000** .000** .000**
PH .077 .031 0.051 9.798 1.869 3.165 .002** .159 0.046*
Psy .009 .062 .107 1.060 3.872 7.036 .305 .024* .001**
SR .167 .023 0.96 23.709 1.365 6.238 .000** .259 .003**
Env .006 .224 .314 .682 17.055 27.051 .410 .000** .000**
HRQoL .009 .279 .298 1.039 22.816 25.063 .031 .000** .000**
EE: emotional exhaustion, PE: professional efficacy, PH: physical health, Psy: psychological, SR: social relationships, Env: environment;** p < 0.01,* p < 0.05.