| Biceps brachii (BB) |
Seated on a chair and fastened securely at the elbow and trunk, the upperarm was placed on the table with the forearm about 90-110°, the hand in a fist position and supinated. Manual resistance applied forward against the distal forearm. |
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| Triceps brachii (TB) |
Seated on a chair and fastened securely at the elbow and trunk, the upperarm was placed on the table with the forearm about 90-110°, the hand in a fist position and supinated. Manual resistance applied backward against the distal forearm. |
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| Flexor carpi radialis (FCR) |
Seated on a chair and fastened securely at the elbow and trunk with the forearm horizontal and supinated, the hand in a fist. Manual resistance was applied downward against the hand. |
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| Extensor carpi radialis (ECR) |
Seated on a chair and fastened securely at the elbow and trunk with the forearm horizontal and pronated, the hand in a fist. Manual resistance was applied downward against the hand. |
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