 |
| |
| Study | Country/Region | Sample size and characteristics | Age, Mean
( |
Intervention content | Time and frequency | Outcomes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total; IG/CG | Gender (M/F) | IG/CG | IG | CG | ||||
| Petty et
al., |
United States | 207; 139/68 Overweight children |
120/87 | High dose Black 9.3 (1.0) White 9.6 (1.3)/ Black 9.4 (1.2) White 9.4 (1.1) |
High dose (40 min/day, aerobic exercise program |
No exercise | 40 min/day, 13±1.6 weeks | Global self-worth |
| Straker
et al., |
Australia | 21; 11/10 Children with DCD |
10/11 | 10.8 (1.1)/ 11.3 (0.8) |
Active video gaming (Sony PlayStation 3 with Move and Eye motion input devices and a Microsoft Xbox360 with Kinect motion input) | Normal activities | 20 min most days (minimum four or five days every week), 16 weeks | Perceived motor skills |
| Christison
et al., |
United States | 80; 59/21 Overweight or obese children |
34/46 | 10.1 (1.3)/ 10.0 (1.2) |
Didactic and exergaming PA curriculum | Didactic curriculum only | 10 weekly two-hour sessions, followed by four one-hour monthly didactic maintenance classes, six months | Behavioral, physical self-worth, and self- perception |
| Williams
et al., |
United States | 175; 90/85 Overweight or obese children |
68/107 | 9.6 (0.88)/ 9.7 (0.88) |
Aerobic exercise | Sedentary program | 40 min/day, eight months | Perceptions of global self-worth |
| Fong et
al., |
Hong Kong, China | 62; 21/41 Children with DCD |
49/13 | 7.7 (1.3)/DCD-control group 7.4 (1.2)/Normal-control group 7.2 (1.0) | Taekwondo training | No training | Taekwondo training session 1 hr/week for 12 consecutive weeks (i.e., three months) | Sensory organization and balance (somatosensory ratio, visual ratio, and vestibular ratio) |
| Hashemi
et al., |
Iran | 50; 25/25 Children with DCD |
50/0 | 9.43 (2.10)/9.67 (2.39) | Wii Fit training | Usual school program | Three 30 min sessions/week, eight weeks | Visual perception and executive function |
| Bumin &
Kayihan, |
Turkey | 41; 32/9 Children with cerebral palsy |
17/24 | First group 7.06 (1.88), second group 7.68 (1.70)/7.00 (1.22) | Sensory-perceptual- motor training | Home program | 1.5 hours, three days/week, three months | Sensory -perceptual motor functions |
| Beckmann
et al., |
South Africa | 481; 257/224 Normal children |
247/234 | 8.80 (2.95)/8.08 (1.29) | PA lessons | Placebo | 45-min, two times/week, 12 weeks | Executive functions and cognitive performance |
| Duncan
et al., |
United Kingdom | 68; 33/35 Overweight and obese children |
34/34 | aged 10 to 11 years | Circuit training-style plyometric exercises | No any Additional extracurricular sports or PA |
40 min, two times/week, six weeks | Body image |
| van den
Berg et al., |
The Netherlands | 512; 263/249 | 274/238 | 10.9 (0.7)/10.9 (0.7) | Moderate- to vigorous- intensity exercise (aerobic exercise) | Classroom educational lessons | 10 min/day, nine weeks | Cognitive performance (i.e., attention and inhibitory performances) |
| Hammond
et al., |
United Kingdom | 18; 10/8 Children with DCD |
14/4 | 8.53 (1.15)/9.53 (1.42) | Wii Fit training | Regular Jump-Ahead program | 10 min, three times/week, one month | Perception of motor ability |
| Mazzoni
et al., |
Canada | 46; 23/23 Children with disability as well as difficulty in motor functioning |
37/9 | 8.7 (1.6)/8.1 (1.7) | Indoor wall-climbing | Normal treatment | One 1-hour session/week, six weeks | Perceived athletic competence, self-efficacy, and self-worth |