Table 2. Methodologies for assessing the VO kinetic response to heavy and severe intensity exercise in children.
Author Sex N Age (y) Step change Sampling interval Quantification method No of transitions Confidence interval
Robinson (1938) M
M
8
10
6.0
10.5
Treadmill to exhaustion 30s % of peak VO2 after 30s 1
Mácek and Vavra (1977) M
M
M
M
10
14
23
6
10
12
15
17
Treadmill to exhaustion 30s % of peak VO2 after 30s 1
Mácek and Vávra (1980) M 10 10-11 Cycle to exhaustion 30s % of peak VO2 after 30s 1
Sady (1981) M 21 10.2 (.3) Cycle - 110% VO2max 15s t ½ 1
Zanconato et al. (1991) M+F 10 9.0 (1.3) BL – 50% D
BL – 100% peakVO2
BL – 125% peak VO2
BB 1min t½ 1
Armon et al. (1991) M+F 6 6 – 12 BL – 25% D
BL – 50% D
BL – 75% D
BB Model 4, δ1 = δ2, t > 0s 1
Obert et al. (2000) M+F 23 10-13 BL – 90% max power BB Model 4, t > phase 1 1
Williams et al (2001) M 8 12 (.2) Rest – 50% D BB Model 5, t > 0s 2
Hebestreit et al (1998) M 9 11.1 (1.2) 20W-100% peak VO2
20W – 130% peakVO2
BB Model 2, t > phase1 2
Fawkner and Armstrong (2004c) M
F
13
9
10.6 (.3)
10.9 (.2)
BL – 40% TVent BB Model 2, phase 1 < t <onset of SC 3-4 δ < ± 5s
A1 < ± 5%
Fawkner and Armstrong (2004a) M
F
25
23
10.6 (.3)
10.7 (.7)
BL – 40% TVent BB Model 2, phase 1 < t <onset of SC 3-4 Mean δ , 4.3 ± 1.3s
Mean A1, 3.0 ± 1.3 %
Abbreviations: L = baseline pedalling; D = difference between anaerobic threshold had peak VO; = ventilatory threshold; Ï„ = time constant; A1 = primary amplitude; for model details see text.