Table 2. VO measures (L·min) of kayakers.

Author	Subjects (male)	Ergometer VO2 (L·min-1) *				Kayak paddling VO2 (L·min-1) †
		Leg	Arm	(Legs+arms)	Kayak	500m	1000m
Tesh et al. (1976)	6 elite kayakers	5.41			4.61	4.2	4.71
Pendergast et al. (1979)	8 unskilled kayakers	3.1	2.9	3.9	3.5
Tesch (1983)	6 elite kayakers	5.36	4.3				4.67
Hahn et al. (1988)	5 elite kayakers			5.17	4.62
Pendergast et al. (1989)	17 kayakers (range of skill level)	4.61	2.82	3.81
Fry and Morton (1991)	38 well trained kayakers				4.78
Billat et al. (1996)	9 elite kayakers				4.01
van Someren et al. (1999)	9 well trained kayakers						4.27
Bishop et al. (2002)	8 experienced kayak paddlers

†  denotes that the kayak paddling tests were maximal efforts for that distance, not maximal exercise tests.* denotes that the ergometer exercise tests were carried out to exhaustion, representing the max VO.