Table 2. Gender effects on leg stiffness parameters for different hopping conditions. Values are means (± SD).
|
Preferred Hopping |
Fastest Hopping |
Added Mass Hopping |
|
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Male |
| Frequency (Hz) |
2.07 (.18) |
2.21 (.31) |
4.19 (.65) |
4.13 (.49) |
2.04 (.23) |
2.36 (.48) |
| Ground contact time (ms) |
299 (46) |
273 (33) |
191 (27) |
187 (18) |
313 (41) |
286 (35) |
| COM displacement (m) |
11.5 (2.0) |
9.80 (3.0) |
2.70 (1.0) |
2.90 (2.0) |
12.7 (4.0) |
9.6 (4.0) |
| Peak Force (N) |
1986 (543) |
2642 (483)* |
1656 (263) |
2033 (399)* |
2038 (490) |
2602 (485)** |
| Corrected Peak Force (N·kg-1) |
34.0 (14.6) |
33.9 (13.7) |
27.7 (10.6) |
25.5 (9.3) |
34.1 (14..9) |
33.4 (12..2) |
| Leg stiffness (kN·m-1) |
18.3 (6.1) |
29.9 (9.9)** |
66.3 (21.2) |
73.9 (22.5) |
17.2 (6.2) |
31.3 (9.9)** |
* and ** denote significant (p < 0.05 and 0.01, respectively) gender effect by repeated measurements ANOVA with post-hoc test. COM= Center of Mass.
