Table 2. Constant moderate (15 km.h
-1) velocity running kinematics, spring-mass variables and psychophysiological responses before and after the intervention in LHTL and LHTLH groups. Data are means (±SD).
|
LHTL |
LHTLH |
ANOVA P value (η2) |
Before |
After |
Before |
After |
Group |
Time |
Interaction |
Running kinematics |
Contact time (s) |
.218 (.016) |
.215 (.015) |
.204 (.013) |
.203 (.012) |
.056 (.19) |
.110 (.14) |
.346 (.05) |
Aerial time (s) |
.137 (.017) |
.134 (.017) |
.141 (.015) |
.140 (.014) |
.461 (.03) |
.400 (.04) |
.666 (.01) |
Step frequency (Hz) |
2.82 (.17) |
2.87 (.16) |
2.91 (.19) |
2.92 (.18) |
.384 (.04) |
.124 (.12) |
.442 (.03) |
Step length (m) |
1.48 (.09) |
1.45 (.08) |
1.44 (.10) |
1.43 (.09) |
.444 (.03) |
.074 (.17) |
.287 (.06) |
Dynamics and spring-mass characteristics |
Mean loading rate (BW·s-1) |
65.3 (13.9) |
65.0 (15.6) |
66.8 (15.8) |
63.6 (12.4) |
.994 (.00) |
.419 (.04) |
.497(.03) |
Peak vertical forces (BW) |
2.79 (.18) |
2.72 (.17) |
2.90 (.19) |
2.88 (.14) |
.080 (.16) |
.140 (.18) |
.364 (.05) |
CoM vertical displacement (m) |
.058 (.008) |
.054 (.007) |
.054 (.008) |
.052 (.006) |
.328 (.05) |
.047 (.20) |
.429 (.04) |
Leg compression (m) |
.145 (.018) |
.150 (.023) |
.129 (.011) |
.127 (.009) |
.367 (.05) |
.773 (.05) |
.367 (.05) |
Vertical stiffness (kN·m-1) |
38.2 (4.8) |
39.3 (4.3) |
41.8 (5.6) |
42.7 (5.1) |
.110 (.14) |
.223 (.08) |
.849 (.01) |
Leg stiffness (kN·m-1) |
15.1 (1.7) |
14.2 (1.5) |
17.2 (2.1) |
17.3 (2.0) |
.002 (.41) |
.402 (.04) |
.219 (.08) |
Psycho-physiological responses |
Heart rate (beats·m-1) |
171(10) |
165(8) |
167(11) |
165(13) |
.630(.01) |
.034 (.23) |
.196 (.09) |
RPE (points) |
13.4 (1.6) |
12.3 (1.1) |
13.4 (1.2) |
12.8 (2.6) |
.667 (.01) |
.035 (.22) |
.589 (.02) |
BW: Body weight, CoM: Center of mass vertical displacement, RPE: Ratings of perceived exertion