Table 2. Normalized EMG values (percent of maximal voluntary isometric contraction) in the three exercises.
|
Leg press |
Kickback |
Knee extension |
p value |
Effect size |
Gluteus maximus |
88.0 (47.7-128.3) |
77.0 (53.4-100.7) |
. |
0.898 |
0.08 |
Biceps femoris |
30.6 (19.7-41. 4) |
106.5 (72.4-140.7) |
. |
<0.001* |
2.27 |
Vastus lateralis |
105.5 (92.7-118.3) |
. |
87.9 (79.7-96.2) |
0.003* |
0.92 |
Vastus medialis |
92.9 (75.0-110.8) |
. |
78.8 (67.5-90.1) |
0.025 |
0.56 |
Rectus femoris |
69.5 (57.7-84.2) |
. |
93.8 (81.8-105.8) |
0.002* |
0.93 |
Values are given as mean (95% confidence interval) with p-value and Cohen’s d effect size for the between-exercise difference.* = statistically significant difference (p < 0.01)