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| Author (Year) | Quality Assessment | Subject Characteristics | Age (Mean±SD) | S&C Training Intervention | Performance Measurements | Outcome Measurements |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Karpinski et al (2020) | 12 | N=16: 16M National level |
EG: 20.2 ± 1.17 CG: 20.0 ± 1.9 |
Core strengthening training (6-week) EG: Core Strengthening Training CG: Normal Training |
50m FC Swim | Stroke Biomechanics SL & SR |
| Gourgoulis et al ( |
9 | N=12: 12F Regularly trained and Moderate performance level |
Overall: 13.08 ± 0.9 |
In-water resistance training (11-week) EG: Resistance training with Water Parachute CG: Normal Training |
50, 100, 200m FC Swim | Stroke Biomechanics SL, SR, Mean Swimming Velocity |
| Morais et al ( |
8 | N=27: 11M, 16F Regional/National Level |
Overall: 13.3 ± 0.85 |
In-water & dry-land S&C Training (34-week) |
100m FC Swim | Stroke Biomechanics SL, SF, & SV Muscle Strength Throwing Velocity |
| Amaro et al ( |
12 | N=21: 21M National Level |
EG1: 12.7 ± 0.8 EG2: 12.7 ± 0.8 CG: 12.6 ± 0.8 |
Dry-land S&C training (6-week) EG1: Sets & Repetitions Training EG2: Explosiveness Training CG: Normal Training |
50m FC Swim | Muscle Strength Vertical Jump Ball Throwing |
| Patil et al ( |
11 | N=60: 38M, 22F Competitive Level |
M: 14.7 ± 1.29 F: 13.4 ± 1.50 |
Core strengthening training (6-week) EG: Core Strengthening CG: Normal Swimming Training |
50m FC Swim | Stroke Biomechanics SR, SL, SV Muscle Strength Functional Core Muscle Strength |
| Girold et al ( |
11 | N=24: 12M, 12F National Level |
Overall: 21.8 ± 3.9 |
Dry-land strength or Electrical Stimulation (ES) Training (4-week) EG1: Strength Training EG2: ES Training CG: Normal Training |
50m FC Swim (Expressed in Mean Velocity) |
Stroke Biomechanics SL, SR Muscle Strength Extension Peak Torque |
| Sadowski et al ( |
4 | N=26: 26M Regularly Trained |
Overall: 14.0 ± 0.5 |
Dry-land Power Training (6-week) EG: Power Training with Ergometer CG: Normal Training |
25m FC Swim (Expressed in SV) |
Stroke Biomechanics SF, Distance Per Stroke Muscle Strength Isometric Shoulder Strength Test Tethered Swimming Force |
| Garrido et al (2010) | 7 | N=25: 14M, 11F Competitive Level |
Overall: 12.08 ± 0.76 EG: 12.0 ± 0.78 CG: 12.18 ± 0.75 |
Combined Strength and Aerobic Training (8-week) EG: Strength Training CG: Normal Training |
25m, 50m FC Swim (Expressed in SV) |
Swimming Biomechanics Active Drag, Drag Coefficient Muscle Strength 6RM Bench Press & Leg Extension Tests, CMJ & Ball Throwing |
| Aspenes et al ( |
10 | N=20: 8M, 12F Regularly Trained |
EG: 17.5 ± 2.9 CG: 15.9 ± 1.1 |
Combined Strength and Endurance Training (11-week) EG: Maximal Strength and Endurance Training CG: Normal Training |
50m, 100m, 400m FC Swim |
Stroke Biomechanics SL, SR, Maximum SV (**25m sprint) Muscle Strength Bilateral Shoulder Extension Measurement Tethered Swimming Force |
| Girold et al ( |
8 | N= 21: 10M, 11F Regional/National Level |
Overall: 16.5 ± 3.5 |
Dry-land strength training OR resisted & assisted training (RAS) (12-week) EG1: Strength Training EG2: RAS Training CG: Normal Training |
50m FC Swim | Stroke Biomechanics SL, SR Muscle Strength Flexion & Extension Peak Torque |
| Girold et al ( |
10 | N=37: 16M, 21F Competitive Level |
Overall: 17.5 ± 3.5 |
Resisted or Assisted sprint training (3-week) EG1: Resisted Training EG2: Assisted Training CG: Normal Training |
100m FC Swim | Stroke Biomechanics SR Muscle Strength Flexion & Extension Peak Torque |