Table 2. Children’s physical and motor skill characteristics for the active play control (CON), guided active play locomotor (LOC) and guided active play object control (OC) groups prior to the study. Anthropometric variables include; age, body mass (BM), stature (Ht), body mass index (BMI); as well as aerobic power (AP). Fundamental motor skills (FMS) include comparisons of standard scores for gross motor quotient standard score (GMQ), locomotor skills (LOC) and object control skills (OC) including alpha levels (α)), effect sizes (ES) and observed power (1-β). Data are presented as means and (standard deviations).
|
CON
(n = 14) |
LOC
(n = 17) |
OC
(n = 21) |
| Age (years) (α = 0.136) |
6.5 (0.7) |
6.5 (1.0) |
6.5 (0.9) |
| BM (kg) (α = 0.186) |
29.1 (8.1) |
24.7 (6.2) |
26.6 (6.6) |
| Ht (m) (α = 0.837) |
1.26 (0.09) |
1.19 (0.06) |
1.20 (0.09) |
| BMI (kg·m-2) (α = 0.058) |
18.4 (6.2) |
17.2 (3.3) |
18.4 (3.5) |
AP (mlO2·kg-1·min-1)
(α = 0.358) |
46.1 (7.9) |
45.2 (2.7) |
48.5 (4.0) |
GMQ (α = 0.034;
ES = 0.160; 1-β = 0.645) |
103.3
(13.2) |
87.8 (15.7)
(α=0.027)* |
96.2 (14.9)
(α=0.441)* |
LOC (α = 0.009;
ES = 0.214; 1-β = 0.808) |
10.9 (2.9) |
7.1 (3.4)
(α=0.007)* |
8.3 (2.8)
(α=0.076)* |
OC (α = 0.282;
ES = 0.063; 1-β = 0.266) |
10.2 (2.7) |
8.9 (2.6)
(α=0.502)* |
10.5 (3.1)
(α=0.940)* |
* denotes active play vs guided active play (LOC and OC groups).
