Table 2. Summary of the number of arms, shoulders, legs and trunk muscles selected and investigated in swimming, in start and turn phases. Most of the studies investigated muscles from upper body, and then lower body, few of the studies conducted the investigations in trunk muscles, and mostly were investigated with unilateral side.

Author (Year)	Swimming Phase		No. of muscles	Arms						Shoulders						Legs					Trunk
				BB	TB	BRR	FCU	FCR	ECU	PM	UT	LD	AD	PD	DM	RF	BF	TA	GAS	VL	RA	ES
Rouard et al (1995)	Swimming	100m	6	V	V	V	V					V	V
Stirn et al (2011)		100m	3		V					V		V
Ikuta et al (2012)		200m	11	V	V		V			V		V	V	V		V	V	V	V
Figueiredo et al (2013)		200m	8	V	V			V		V	V					V	V	V
Figueiredo et al (2013)		200m	7	V	V			V		V	V					V	V
Lauer et al (2013)		200m	2	V	V
Martens et al (2015a)		25m	2												V						V
Martens et al (2016)		25m	2												V						V
Caty et al (2007)		25m semi-tethered	2				V		V
Matsuda et al (2016)		Flutter Kick	2													V	V
Lomax et al (2014)		Arms only	2							V		V
Yamakawa et al (2017)	Start & Turn	Dolphin Kick	6													V	V	V	V		V	V
Kobayashi et al (2016)		Dolphin Kick	6													V	V	V	V		V	V
Pereira et al (2015)	Turn	Flip Turn	4														V	V	V	V

Abbreviations: AD: Anterior Deltoid; BB: Biceps Brachii; BF: Biceps Femoris; BRR: Brachioradialis; DM: Deltoideus Medialis; ECU: Extensor Carpi Ulnaris; ES: Erector Spinae; FCR: Flexor Carpi Radialis; FCU: Flexor Carpi Ulnaris; GAS: Gastrocnemius; LD: Latissimus Dorsi; PD: Posterior Deltoid; PM: Pectoralis Major; RA: Rectus Abdominis; RF: Rectus Femoris; TA: Tibialis Anterior; TB: Triceps Brachii; UT: Upper Trapezius; V: Investigated muscles; VL: Vastus Lateralis