Table 2. The senior and junior three-way ANOVAs investigating swim speed by SL round, SF round, group, and their interactions (see Figure 1).
Senior Junior
S15-25 m
Swim speed F-ratio (df) p η2 F-ratio (df) p η2
SL round 22.133 (6,77) <0.001 0.63 9.345 (6,62) <0.001 0.48
SF round 24.714 (3,77) <0.001 0.49 19.672 (3,62) <0.001 0.28
Group effect 10.475 (1,77) 0.002 0.12 8.774 (1,62) 0.004 0.12
SL*SF round 1.794 (1,77) 0.184 0.02 2.623 (4,62) 0.043 0.15
SF*Group n/a n/a 0.00 0.518 (2,62) 0.598 0.01
SL*Group 0.952 (2,77) 0.391 0.03 1.932 (4,62) 0.116 0.11
R2 0.844 0.815
S25-35 m
Swim speed F-ratio (df) p η2 F-ratio (df) p η2
SL round 19.019 (5,76) <0.001 0.56 10.478 (6,67) <0.001 0.49
SF round 28.425 (3,76) <0.001 0.53 28.570 (2,67) <0.001 0.46
Group effect 8.660 (1,76) 0.004 0.10 19.451 (1,67) <0.001 0.23
SL*SF round 3.858 (4,76) 0.007 0.17 3.898 (1,67) 0.052 0.05
SF*Group 4.006 (1,76) 0.049 0.05 n/a n/a 0.00
SL*Group 0.316 (3,76) 0.814 0.02 0.968 (2,67) 0.385 0.03
R2 0.792 0.835
S35-45 m
Swim speed F-ratio (df) p η2 F-ratio (df) p η2
SL round 21.717 (7,72) <0.001 0.68 5.920 (8,65) <0.001 0.42
SF round 19.606 (2,72) <0.001 0.35 9.994 (3,65) <0.001 0.32
Group effect 14.395 (1,72) <0.001 0.16 25.327 (1,65) <0.001 0.28
SL*SF round 1.715 (5,72) 0.142 0.11 n/a n/a 0.00
SF*Group 0.446 (2,72) 0.642 0.01 n/a n/a 0.00
SL*Group 0.956 (3,72) 0.418 0.04 1.091 (3,65) 0.359 0.05
R2 0.849 0.811
S45-50 m
Swim speed F-ratio (df) p η2 F-ratio (df) p η2
SL round 19.954 (7,70) <0.001 0.67 10.024 (6,66) <0.001 0.48
SF round 26.883 (3,70) <0.001 0.54 16.495 (2,66) <0.001 0.33
Group effect 0.095 (1,70) 0.758 0.00 18.830 (1,66) <0.001 0.22
SL*SF round 2.267 (5,70) 0.057 0.14 0.870 (3,66) 0.461 0.03
SF*Group 2.654 (1,70) 0.108 0.04 0.241 (1,66) 0.625 0.00
SL*Group 1.952 (4,70) 0.111 0.10 1.296 (4,66) 0.281 0.07
R2 0.823 0.746
SL – stroke length; SF – stroke frequency; Group – group of swimmers (group #1 – better performers; group #2 – worst performers) at the 50 m race time for elite and junior swimmers);* - interaction;n/a – not applicable; df – degree of freedom; R2 – determination coefficient; p – significance value; η2 – eta square (effect size index)