Table 2. Time estimates (in seconds).
Deviation from 5-Seconds Control MVIC* 10% MVIC*** 60% MVIC***
Younger Adults Mean
d		 -0.154 ± 0.445 -0.376 ± 0.901
0.33		 -0.651 ± 0.494
1.06		 -0.472 ± 0.794
0.51
Older Adults Mean
d		 -0.220 ± 0.804 -0.874 ± 0.822
0.80		 -0.944 ± 0.889
0.86		 -1.42 ± 0.808
1.49
Deviation from 10-Seconds Control MVIC 10% MVIC 60% MVIC
Younger Adults Mean
d		 0.116 ± 0.739 -0.188 ± 1.77
0.06		 -0.0469 ± 1.89
0.05		 -0.289 ± 1.33
0.17
Older Adults Mean
d		 0.536 ± 1.40 -0.716 ± 1.93
0.11		 -0.305 ± 1.57
0.16		 -0.787 ± 2.48
0.13
Deviation from 20-Seconds Control MVIC*** 10% MVIC 60% MVIC**
Younger Adults Mean
d		 0.101 ± 1.60 -1.68 ± 2.75
0.73		 -0.753 ± 3.23
0.27		 -1.84 ± 2.61
0.83
Older Adults Mean
d		 0.603 ± 2.57 -1.84 ± 3.25
0.43		 -0.853 ± 2.65
0.10		 -2.37 ± 4.42
0.51
Deviation from 30-Seconds Control MVIC*** 10% MVIC X 60% MVIC***,X
Younger Adults Mean
d		 0.265 ± 2.58 -2.91 ± 4.41
0.76		 -1.77 ± 3.90
0.46		 -3.97 ± 3.82
1.15
Older Adults Mean
d		 0.989 ± 3.13 -2.34 ±.91
0.30		 -1.08 ± 5.68
0.02		 -4.35 ± 7.50
0.63
X indicates p < 0.01 between the two conditions.*** indicates p < 0.001 compared to the control.* indicates p < 0.05 compared to the control.** indicates p < 0.01 compared to the control.Significance symbols illustrate Condition x Time interactions. There were no significant age effects. Mean S standard deviation; Cohen’s d effect size: d.