Table 2. Average running cyclic parameters, stride phases and % of coordination of competitive athletes when at moderate, severe and extreme intensities.
|
Running pace condition |
Easy pace |
5000-m pace |
Sprint |
Lenght (m) |
Male |
2.95±0.26 |
3.55±0.25 * |
4.18±0.30 *# |
Female |
2.84±0.08 |
3.15±0.14 * |
3.96±0.13 *# |
Total |
2.89±0.20 |
3.35±0.29 * |
4.07±0.25 *# |
Frequency (Hz) |
Male |
1.44±0.09 |
1.55±0.10 * |
1.81±0.09 *# |
Female |
1.43±0.06 |
1.49±0.06 * |
1.80±0.08 *# |
Total |
1.44±0.08 |
1.52±0.08 * |
1.80±0.08 *# |
Velocity (m/s) |
Male |
4.24±0.28 |
5.47±0.42 * |
7.54±0.51 *# |
Female |
4.06±0.18 |
4.67±0.25 * |
7.11±0.25 *# |
Total |
4.15±0.24 |
5.07±0.53 * |
7.32±0.44 *# |
Contact time (ms) |
Total |
218±19 |
192±20 * |
142±12 *# |
Flight time (ms) |
Total |
130±19 |
138±16 * |
135±12 *# |
Duty factor % |
Total |
31.34±2.36 |
29.01±2.19 * |
25.64±1.78 *# |
Brake time (ms) |
Total |
78±11 |
69±13 * |
50±8 *# |
Push time (ms) |
Total |
140±15 |
123±14 * |
92±8 *# |
Touchdown coordination % |
Total |
87.59±1.97 |
88.77±2.13 * |
91.79±2.75 *# |
Mid-stance coordination % |
Total |
89.40±1.16 |
89.67±1.24 |
91.11±1.38 *# |
Flight coordination % |
Total |
93.88±4.09 |
96.60±2.06 * |
98.12±0.98 *# |
Statistical differences with easy pace and 5000 m pace are denoted with superscripts * and #, respectively.