Table 2b. Turn performances [s] from 5 m before to 5 m and 10 m after wall contact of the eight female finalists (fastest) compared to the eight slowest female swimmers from the heats by a 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
|
Type of turn |
|
ANOVA |
| BU to BA turn |
BA to BR turn |
BR to FR turn |
F-value |
P-value |
pη2 |
| 100 m IM |
5 m in |
fastest |
2.69 ± 0.09 |
2.94 ± 0.07 * BR/FR |
3.50 ± 0.19 * BU/BA |
(a) |
F(1 | 42) = 32 |
< 0.001 |
0.43 |
| slowest |
2.91 ± 0.25 |
3.25 ± 0.22 BU/BA, BR/FR |
3.88 ± 0.21 BU/BA |
(b) |
F(2 | 42) = 96 |
< 0.001 |
0.82 |
|
(c) |
F(2 | 42) = 1 |
n.s. |
|
| 5 m out |
fastest |
2.83 ± 0.14 |
2.74 ± 0.16 * |
2.84 ± 0.07 * |
(a) |
F(1 | 42) = 62 |
< 0.001 |
0.59 |
| slowest |
2.97 ± 0.16 |
3.31 ± 0.26 BU/BA |
3.22 ± 0.11 |
(b) |
F(2 | 42) = 3 |
0.04 |
0.14 |
|
(c) |
F(2 | 42) = 7 |
< 0.01 |
0.25 |
| 10 m out |
fastest |
5.54 ± 0.08 * |
6.38 ± 0.22 * BU/BA, BR/FR |
5.83 ± 0.18 * |
(a) |
F(1 | 42) = 146 |
< 0.001 |
0.78 |
| slowest |
6.26 ± 0.33 |
7.52 ± 0.31 BU/BA, BR/FR |
6.47 ± 0.22 |
(b) |
F(2 | 42) = 84 |
< 0.001 |
0.80 |
|
(c) |
F(2 | 42) = 5 |
0.01 |
0.20 |
| Total turn time |
fastest |
8.24 ± 0.15 * |
9.32 ± 0.22 * BU/BA |
9.33 ± 0.23 * BU/BA |
(a) |
F(1 | 42) = 116 |
< 0.001 |
0.73 |
| slowest |
9.17 ± 0.55 |
10.77 ± 0.47 BU/BA |
10.36 ± 0.39 BU/BA |
(b) |
F(2 | 42) = 62 |
< 0.001 |
0.75 |
|
(c) |
F(2 | 42) = 2 |
n.s. |
|
| 200 m IM |
5 m in |
fastest |
2.96 ± 0.07 * |
3.30 ± 0.12 * BU/BA, BR/FR |
3.76 ± 0.06 * BU/BA |
(a) |
F(1 | 42) = 58 |
< 0.001 |
0.58 |
| slowest |
3.22 ± 0.08 |
3.63 ± 0.16 BU/BA, BR/FR |
4.05 ± 0.23 BU/BA |
(b) |
F(2 | 42) = 152 |
< 0.001 |
0.88 |
|
(c) |
F(2 | 42) = 0 |
n.s. |
|
| 5 m out |
fastest |
2.99 ± 0.08 |
2.75 ± 0.18 * |
3.00 ± 0.13 * |
(a) |
F(1 | 42) = 44 |
< 0.001 |
0.51 |
| slowest |
3.13 ± 0.11 |
3.23 ± 0.21 |
3.24 ± 0.13 |
(b) |
F(2 | 42) = 3 |
n.s. |
|
|
(c) |
F(2 | 42) = 6 |
< 0.01 |
0.21 |
| 10 m out |
fastest |
6.20 ± 0.16 * |
6.71 ± 0.31 * BU/BA, BR/FR |
6.12 ± 0.13 * |
(a) |
F(1 | 42) = 85 |
< 0.001 |
0.67 |
| slowest |
6.64 ± 0.26 |
7.54 ± 0.28 BU/BA, BR/FR |
6.67 ± 0.16 |
(b) |
F(2 | 42) = 54 |
< 0.001 |
0.72 |
|
(c) |
F(2 | 42) = 3 |
n.s. |
|
| Total turn time |
fastest |
9.16 ± 0.16 * |
10.02 ± 0.28 * BU/BA |
9.88 ± 0.14 * BU/BA |
(a) |
F(1 | 42) = 143 |
< 0.001 |
0.77 |
| slowest |
9.86 ± 0.27 |
11.29 ± 0.42 BU/BA, BR/FR |
10.72 ± 0.26 BU/BA |
(b) |
F(2 | 42) = 75 |
< 0.001 |
0.78 |
|
(c) |
F(2 | 42) = 5 |
0.01 |
0.19 |
| 400 m IM |
5 m in |
fastest |
3.23 ± 0.15 * |
3.63 ± 0.18 BU/BA, BR/FR |
4.00 ± 0.16 BU/BA |
(a) |
F(1 | 42) = 32 |
< 0.001 |
0.43 |
| slowest |
3.58 ± 0.16 |
3.88 ± 0.18 BU/BA, BR/FR |
4.21 ± 0.17 BU/BA |
(b) |
F(2 | 42) = 70 |
< 0.001 |
0.77 |
|
(c) |
F(2 | 42) = 1 |
n.s. |
|
| 5 m out |
fastest |
3.18 ± 0.21 |
3.04 ± 0.31 * |
3.21 ± 0.13 |
(a) |
F(1 | 42) = 28 |
< 0.001 |
0.40 |
| slowest |
3.38 ± 0.12 |
3.46 ± 0.17 |
3.44 ± 0.07 |
(b) |
F(2 | 42) = 1 |
n.s. |
|
|
(c) |
F(2 | 42) = 2 |
n.s. |
|
| 10 m out |
fastest |
6.68 ± 0.31 * |
7.11 ± 0.45 * BR/FR |
6.42 ± 0.19 * |
(a) |
F(1 | 42) = 40 |
< 0.001 |
0.49 |
| slowest |
7.13 ± 0.29 |
7.75 ± 0.22 BU/BA, BR/FR |
6.88 ± 0.16 |
(b) |
F(2 | 42) = 31 |
< 0.001 |
0.59 |
|
(c) |
F(2 | 42) = 1 |
n.s. |
|
| Total turn time |
fastest |
9.92 ± 0.30 * |
10.74 ± 0.55 * BU/BA |
10.42 ± 0.22 |
(a) |
F(1 | 42) = 42 |
< 0.001 |
0.50 |
| slowest |
10.72 ± 0.35 |
11.97 ± 0.87 BU/BA, BR/FR |
11.09 ± 0.28 |
(b) |
F(2 | 42) = 19 |
< 0.001 |
0.47 |
|
(c) |
F(2 | 42) = 1 |
n.s. |
|
IM: Individual Medley, BU: Butterfly, BA: Backstroke, BR: Breaststroke, FR Freestyle, n.s.: not significant. (a) Main effect group: fastest vs. slowest swimmers (b) Main effect type of turn: BU to BA turn vs. BA to BR turn vs. BR to FR turn (c) Interaction effect: group x type of turn Post-hoc comparisons:* significant difference to slowest swimmers
BU/BA, BA/BR, BR/FR significant difference to particular type of turn
