Table 3. Treadmill time, maximal heart rate, RPE, and RER for the exercise and control groups. Data are mean (SD).
Treadmill Time (min) Maximal Heart Rate (bpm) RPE RER VO2max
(ml·kg-1·min-1)
Exercise Group
Pre-training 12.4 (2.4) 200 (10) 17 (2) †  1.10 (0.05) 45.2 (4.6)
Post-training 13.6 (2.4) * 200 (8) 16 (2) †  1.10 (0.05) 47.6 (5.7)
Control Group
Pre-training 13.5 (2.0) 193 (12) 19 (1) 1.10 (0.04) 49.0 (2.6)
Post-training 14.5 (1.2) 192 (9) 18 (1) 1.10 (0.04) 48.5 (3.9)
bpm = beats per minute; RPE = (Borg’s) Rating of Perceived Exertion (6 to 20 scale); RER Respiratory Exchange Ratio.Note: “Pre-training” and “Post-training” were used for both groups to indicate pre- and post- testing; however, the control group did not walk-train.* p < 0.05 compared with pre-training.†  p < 0.05 compared with the control group at each time point.