Table 3. Means and standard deviations (in brackets) in seven dependent measures and TMD pre- and post-exercise performed at self-selected exercise intensity in the laboratory experiment. (NS = statistically not significant; > .05).
| Dependent measure |
Pre-Exercise |
Post- Exercise |
Effect size (d ) |
Significance |
| Anger |
7.78 (2.49) |
6.47 (1.02) |
.53 |
p = .001 |
| Confusion |
7.22 (2.41) |
5.75 (1.14) |
.61 |
p = .001 |
| Depression |
8.25 (1.83) |
7.38 (1.04) |
.48 |
p = .001 |
| Fatigue |
9.44 (3.25) |
9.34 (3.82) |
.03 |
NS |
| Self-esteem |
17.38 (2.37) |
18.75 (2.16) |
.58 |
p = .01 |
| Tension |
9.91 (3.60) |
7.03 (1.33) |
.80 |
p = .001 |
| Vigor |
14.47 (4.47) |
16.03 (4.96) |
.35 |
NS |
| TMD |
10.75(11.19) |
1.19 (7.79) |
.85 |
p = .001 |
