Table 3. Exercise test responses in normal subjects and CHF patients with normal and abnormal cardiac output response to exercise (mean ± SD).
|
Normals |
CHF and Normal CO Response |
CHF and Abnormal CO Response |
p value |
| Rest |
| Standing heart rate (beats·min-1) |
75 (13) |
74 (14) |
77 (11) |
.79 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) |
125 (9) |
118 (9) |
118 (9) |
.05 |
| Ventilatory Threshold |
| Heart rate (beats·min-1) |
130 (22) |
105 (23) † |
97 (18) † |
.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) |
140 (7) |
127 (11) † |
126 (12) † |
.008 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) |
84 (7) |
82 (7) |
73 (13) |
.07 |
| Oxygen uptake (ml/min) |
1487 (483) |
1124 (419) |
906 (460) † |
.007 |
| Oxygen uptake (ml/kg/min) |
19.8 (6.0) |
11.4 (3.9) † |
10.7 (4.2) † |
<.001 |
| Minute ventilation (l/min) |
38.2 (15.0) |
32.3 (12.0) |
25.7 (8.0) † |
.05 |
| CO2 production (ml/min) |
1445 (580) |
1027 (445) † |
827 (428) † |
.007 |
| Perceived exertion |
-- |
5.3 (2.9) |
3.2 (1.3) |
.21 |
| Maximal Exercise |
| Heart rate (beats·min-1) |
139 (24) |
116 (27) † |
112 (18) † |
.008 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) |
143 (12) |
134 (12) |
132 (19) |
.09 |
| Oxygen uptake (ml/min) |
1857 (464) |
1494 (518) |
1169 (628) *† |
.009 |
| Oxygen uptake (ml/kg/min) |
24.8 (6.2) |
16.8 (5.5) † |
14.1 (5.8) † |
<.001 |
| Minute ventilation (l/min) |
63.7 (16.0) |
58.7 (20.0)† |
43.7 (16.0) |
.02 |
| CO2 production |
2173 (577) |
1678 (674) |
1298 (694) † |
.006 |
| Respiratory exchange ratio |
1.15 (.09) |
1.12 (.10) |
1.12 (.09) |
.61 |
| VE/VCO2 Slope |
.28 (.03) |
.35 (.08) † |
.37 (.09) † * |
.007 |
| OUES |
2.1 (.59) |
1.61 (.55) |
1.39 (.68) † |
.01 |
| Perceived exertion |
-- |
7.9 (1.8) |
7.9 (2.5) |
.94 |
p value represents ANOVA main effect between groups. p <0.05 vs CHF patients with a normal cardiac output response. p <0.05 vs normal subjects. CO - cardiac output. OUES - oxygen uptake efficiency slope.
