 |
| |
| Localization (% incidence) | Risk factors | Differential diagnosis |
|---|---|---|
| - Wrist and hand (4 to 56% in physical workers) | - house cleaner - physical workers - rowing - skiing - golf - tennis - joint hypermobility - rheumatoid arthritis - diabetes - hypothyroidism |
- De Quervain’s disease - other wrist tendinopathies - carpal tunnel syndrome - rhizarthrosis - radial styloiditis - intersection syndrome - Guyon’s canal syndrome - Wartenberg’s syndrome |
| - Elbow (9 to 40% in tennis players) | - tennis - golf - physical workers |
- tennis elbow - golf elbow - C5-C6 radiculopathy (lateral) - C8-T1 radiculopathy (medial) - posterior interosseous nerve compression - radiocapitellar osteoarthritis/chondromalacia - osteochondritis dissecans capitellum - rheumatic enthesopathy |
| - Shoulder (15 to 20% in physical workers and athletes, from 31 to 73% in the wheelchair population) | - volleyball - baseball - javelin - swimming - tennis - American football - wheelchair population - painter - clerical work (computer) |
- rotator cuff tendinopathy - frozen shoulder - omarthrosis - acromio-clavicular pathology - instability of the shoulder - labrum / SLAP lesions - C4-C5-C6 radiculopathy - nerve lesion (suprascapular, thoracic longus, axillaris nerves) |
| - Hip (around 0,5% around general population) | - excess weight - skiing - ice-skating - roller-skating |
- gluteus medius tendinopathy - greater trochanteric bursitis - coxarthrosis - coxitis (spondylarthropathy) - ilio-tibial band tenderness - hip osteonecrosis - pubalgia - sacroiliac pathology - labral lesion - villonodular synovitis - osteochondromatosis - stress fracture of the femur or pelvis - femoroacetabular impingement |
| - Knee (7 to 40% in sportsmen) | - basketball - volleyball - soccer - long-distance running - orienteering - ice hockey - cycling - track and field |
- patellar tendinopathy - quadriceps tendinopathy - hamstring tenosynovitis - patellofemoral pain syndrome - prepatellar bursitis - Osgood-Schlatter disease - Sinding-Larsen-Johansson Disease - meniscal lesion - plica - Hoffa’s inflammation - stress fracture of the tibia or fibula |
| - Ankle (5.9% in sedentary people and around 50% in endurance athletes) | - running - soccer - track and field - jumping - volleyball - badminton - orienteering |
- Achilles tendinopathy - Ligament injuries - Anterior or posterior impingement - gout - retrocalcaneal bursitis - rheumatoid arthritis - rheumatic fever - sero-negative arthropathies - Sever’s Disease - stress fracture of the calcaneus |