Table 3. Effect of exercise training on mean changes in VO
2max and chances that the true differences are substantial.
|  | Chances that the true effect has substantial... | 
|  | Mean differences | ±90% Confidence limits | Benefit (%) | Harm (%) | Practical assessment | 
| CMIET + HIIT (relative to control) | 
| Relative VO2max (mL·kg-1·min-1) | 4.9 | 1.0, 8.8 | 89 | .4 | Possibly beneficial | 
| Absolute VO2max (L·min-1) | .4 | .1, .6 | 91 | .3 | Possibly beneficial | 
| CMIET + HIIT (relative to control) | 
| Relative VO2max (mL·kg-1·min-1) | 3.0 | -.5, 6.5 | 74 | 2 | Possibly beneficial | 
| Absolute VO2max (L·min-1) | .2 | 0, .5 | 72 | 2 | Possibly beneficial | 
| CMIET + HIIT (relative to CMIET) | 
| Relative VO2max (mL·kg-1·min-1) | 1.9 | -2.3, 6.2 | 48 | 5 | Unclear | 
| Absolute VO2max (L·min-1) | .1 | -.2, .5 | 42 | 7 | Unclear | 
If changes of benefit and harm both > 5% the true effect was deemed unclear (could be beneficial or harmful). Otherwise, chances of benefit or harm were assessed in the following manner: < 1%, almost certainly not, 1-5%, very unlikely; 5-25%, unlikely 25-75%, possibly: 75-95%, likely: 95-99%, very likely: >99%, almost certain.