Table 3. Chronic NaHCO₃ supplementation.

Article	Athletes	Supplementation (type/dose)	Ingestion (min before exercise)	Exercise	Exercise Time	Intensity	Side Effects	Effects of NaHCO3
Durkalec-Michalski et al. 2018	Competitive wrestlers	Tablet; progressive regimen: 0.025–0.1 g/kg BM	3 times/day for 10 days	Wingate cycling + wrestling specific test	4 min	High	None	YES/NO	Only time-to-peak power in the second Wingate test was improved with NaHCO3 (f2=4%; p=0.001).
Tobias et al. 2013	Martial arts athletes	Capsule; 0.5 g/kg BM	4* 0,012g /kg BM/day for 7 days	Upper body Wingate test	2 min	High	Mild	YES	Serial NaHCO3 supplementation enhanced performance by 8% (ES: 1.54; p<0.002).
Oliveira et al. 2016	Mixed athletes	Capsule; 0.125 g/kg BM	4 times/day for 5 days	Upper body Wingate test	2 min	High	Mild	YES	NaHCO3 supplementation is effective at improving performance (F=3.4; p=0.02)
Driller et al. 2013	National team rowers	Capsule; 0.3 g/kg BM	2 days/week for 8 weeks	2000 m rowing, HIT test	6.10 – 7 min	High	Mild	NO	Serial supplementation of NaHCO3 before HIT provides no benefits to performance (p>0.05)
Joyce et al. 2012**	Competitive swimmers	Capsule; 0.1 g/kg BM	3 times/day for 3 days	2 x 200 m swim	<2 min	High	Mild	NO	Chronic supplementation of NaHCO3 had no effect on swimming performance (F=0.48; p=0.8).

**paper is displayed twice as acute and chronic supplementation and was investigated separately. Abbreviations: g: Gram; kg: Kilogram; BM: Body mass; min: Minutes; m: Meter; NaHCO₃: Sodium Bicarbonate; High: Maximum effort; Mild: Minimum discomfort; None: No discomfort; HIT; High intensity training. f²: Cohen’s f²; F= Fisher’s F test.