Table 3. Kinematic parameters (angles in chosen joints and acceleration of the hand) - Means, Standard Deviations (SDs), Coefficients of Variation (CVs) and p value from the Fisher’s exact test (significant differences between TF1 and TF 2) in particular events during the topspin forehand, task 1 (TF1) – exemplary player 1.
|
TF1 |
| Ready |
Backswing |
Contact |
Forward |
| Mean(SD) |
CV(%) |
Mean(SD) |
CV(%) |
Mean(SD) |
CV(%) |
Mean(SD) |
CV(%) |
| LumbRot |
-1.0(1.0) |
101 |
-0.3(1.2) |
427 |
0.7p=0.01(1.1) |
146 |
-6.6(1.4) |
21 |
| LumbFlex |
13.5p<0.01(0.7) |
5 |
14.1(0.8) |
5 |
11.3(0.8) |
7 |
9.7p<0.01(1.2) |
12 |
| LumbLat |
2.1p<0.01(0.6) |
27 |
2.4(0.5) |
23 |
3.3(0.6) |
18 |
1.2(0.5) |
47 |
| ChestRot |
-6.6p=0.04(4.0) |
61 |
-6.0p<0.01(2.5) |
41 |
3.2(4.7) |
145 |
4.1(1.8) |
44 |
| ChestFlex |
-8.8p<0.01(2.7) |
31 |
-7.1(0.7) |
10 |
-4.9(2.6) |
52 |
-9.8p<0.01(3.3) |
34 |
| ChestLat |
-3.5p<0.01(1.0) |
28 |
0.5(3.2) |
604 |
1.6(p<0.011.7) |
104 |
-8.1(1.8) |
22 |
| LeftHipFlex |
47.7p<0.01(2.5) |
5 |
29.9(2.7) |
9 |
36.1p<0.01(5.2) |
14 |
50.8(3.2) |
6 |
| LeftHipAbd |
26.1p<0.01(2.3) |
9 |
26.1p<0.01(1.4) |
5 |
24.3(0.9) |
4 |
24.1p=0.01(1.3) |
5 |
| LeftHipRot |
-5.7(5.1) |
90 |
15.0(5.1) |
34 |
-1.8p=0.02(3.2) |
175 |
-8.1(5.1) |
63 |
| LeftKneeFlex |
30.7p<0.01(2.3) |
7 |
39.6(7.0) |
18 |
36.1p<0.01(5.5) |
15 |
33.0(2.9) |
9 |
| RightHipFlex |
50.8p<0.01(4.8) |
9 |
70.5(5.1) |
7 |
50.2p<0.01(2.2) |
4 |
48.8(2.7) |
5 |
| RightHipAbd |
20.8p=0.01(2.2) |
11 |
6.5(1.4) |
21 |
17.6p<0.01(1.8) |
10 |
22.7p<0.01(1.5) |
7 |
| RightHipRot |
2.2(3.4) |
158 |
-19.2(2.8) |
15 |
-6.0p=0.03(4.5) |
74 |
2.8(3.2) |
115 |
| RightKneeFlex |
39.9p<0.01(4.8) |
12 |
43.8p<0.01(5.0) |
11 |
38.1p=0.01(4.1) |
11 |
48.0(2.3) |
5 |
| ShExtRot |
-11.8p<0.01(3.7) |
31 |
1.4(6.4) |
460 |
30.9p<0.01(14.5) |
47 |
-18.7(10.9) |
58 |
| ShFlex |
25.2(6.2) |
25 |
16.2p=0.03(2.1) |
13 |
43.8(6.9) |
16 |
85.1p<0.01(10.3) |
12 |
| ShAbd |
2.1(2.9) |
140 |
7.6p<0.01(3.6) |
47 |
27.1p<0.01(7.1) |
26 |
75.1(17.5) |
23 |
| ElFlex |
64.7(2.4) |
4 |
26.1(2.7) |
10 |
45.0p<0.01(8.4) |
19 |
58.1p<0.01(4.9) |
8 |
| WrExtensio |
3.4p=0.01(4.5) |
131 |
18.5(4.2) |
23 |
15.0p=<0.01(4.8) |
32 |
20.5(7.5) |
37 |
| WrRad |
-20.2(2.8) |
14 |
-27.8(3.4) |
12 |
-25.9(7.3) |
28 |
-12.4=0.02(5.7) |
46 |
| WrSup |
-1.7p=0.01(5.4) |
322 |
-2.5p=0.01(6.9) |
278 |
-19.7p<0.01(7.2) |
37 |
-18.9(8.3) |
44 |
| ACC(m/s2) |
|
|
|
|
150.6(13.3) |
9 |
|
|
Lumb – lumbar segment, Sh – shoulder, El – elbow, Wr – wrist, Rot – rotation, flex – flexion, Lat – lateral bend, Abd – abduction, ExtRot – external rotation, Rad – radial deviation, Sup – supination, bold font – significant difference with p≤0.05, bold font underlined with a single line – medium value of CV, bold font underlined with two lines – small value of CV
