Table 3. Means (SD) of kinematics for the pivot leg at three different RHK heights during the return period.
| Variables |
LT |
MT |
HT |
F value |
p value |
| Average hip flexion # |
14.10 (11.33) |
15.92 (8.48) |
29.80 (11.94) |
23.482 |
0.000** |
| Average hip abduction # |
36.46 (5.09) |
37.68 (6.78) |
42.78 (6.67) |
9.645 |
0.001** |
| Average hip external rotation |
2.55 (10.18) |
2.39 (9.13) |
3.01 (10.57) |
0.088 |
0.916 |
| Maximum hip flexion #μ |
23.68 (13.46) |
25.35 (11.56) |
40.13 (14.77) |
17.237 |
0.000** |
| Minimum hip flexion #† |
3.74 (11.33) |
5.82 (9.13) |
16.13 (9.08) |
15.418 |
0.000** |
| Maximum hip abduction # |
46.02 (3.51) |
47.04 (5.39) |
53.28 (6.19) |
13.168 |
0.000** |
| Minimum hip abduction # |
19.10 (7.73) |
20.67 (9.63) |
24.88 (8.63) |
5.640 |
0.011 * |
| Maximum hip external rotation |
12.66 (12.11) |
13.01 (10.75) |
15.74 (13.79) |
1.495 |
0.246 |
| Maximum hip internal rotation |
8.55 (10.73) |
8.18 (11.85) |
8.05 (11.62) |
0.035 |
0.966 |
| Hip range of sagittal motion |
19.94 (11.88) |
19.52 (11.38) |
23.99 (10.31) |
2.171 |
0.138 |
| Hip range of frontal motion |
26.92 (5.99) |
26.37 (5.76) |
28.40 (5.54) |
0.874 |
0.431 |
| Hip range of horizontal motion |
21.21 (9.59) |
21.20 (10.96) |
23.79 (10.41) |
1.010 |
0.380 |
| Average knee flexion # |
20.03 (9.62) |
19.70 (6.77) |
16.31 (9.25) |
3.829 |
0.037 * |
| Average knee valgus #† |
6.07 (4.05) |
6.38 (3.86) |
7.69 (3.10) |
4.224 |
0.028 * |
| Average knee external rotation #† |
-6.21 (4.19) |
-6.51 (5.21) |
-3.12 (4.30) |
7.873 |
0.003 * |
| Maximum knee flexion |
33.64 (9.62) |
33.50 (10.19) |
32.42 (9.47) |
0.452 |
0.642 |
| Minimum knee flexion † |
13.97 (6.97) |
13.30 (8.09) |
8.90 (11.73) |
4.217 |
0.028 * |
| Maximum knee valgus #† |
10.37 (3.67) |
10.52 (3.64) |
12.06 (2.89) |
5.124 |
0.015 * |
| Maximum knee varus |
-0.39 (4.48) |
-0.44 (4.16) |
-1.27 (4.12) |
1.881 |
0.176 |
| Maximum knee external rotation #† |
-0.12 (5.83) |
0.11 (6.71) |
3.94 (5.87) |
9.556 |
0.001** |
| Maximum knee internal rotation # |
12.77 (5.06) |
12.35 (5.92) |
9.61 (4.67) |
3.917 |
0.035 * |
| Knee range of sagittal motion † |
20.87 (7.54) |
21.90 (11.78) |
24.45 (11.99) |
2.137 |
0.142 |
| Knee range of frontal motion #† |
10.16 (2.22) |
9.95 (2.30) |
10.70 (2.47) |
1.276 |
0.299 |
| Knee range of horizontal motion |
13.36 (6.01) |
13.37 (6.62) |
14.60 (7.06) |
0.722 |
0.497 |
* p < 0.05;** p < 0.01;# LT vs HT p < 0.05;† MT vs HT p < 0.05;RHK, round house kicking; SD, standard deviation; LT, low height; MT, middle height; HT, high height.
