Table 3. Descriptive statistics and ANCOVA for the independent measures of athletic performance.
| Performance
metrics |
Control
group mean ± SD |
Hedges
g |
Intervention
group mean ± SD |
Hedges
g |
ANCOVA |
| Pre-intervention |
Post-intervention |
Pre-intervention |
Post-intervention |
p-value |
η2 |
| CMJ
height (m) |
0.38 ±
0.03 |
0.39 ±
0.03 |
0.39 (-1.12-0.33) |
0.38 ±
0.05 |
0.40 ±
0.06 † |
0.43 (-0.97-0.11) |
0.778 |
0.002 |
| CMJ
jump time (s) |
0.76 ±
0.09 |
0.73 ±
0.08 |
-0.36 (-0.36-1.09) |
0.70 ±
0.07 |
0.69 ±
0.10 |
-0.11 (-0.42-0.65) |
0.475 |
0.013 |
| RSI |
0.49 ±
0.07 |
0.53 ±
0.08 |
0.57 (-1.30-0.16) |
0.55 ±
0.10 |
0.57 ±
0.11 |
0.19 (-0.72-0.35) |
0.551 |
0.009 |
| 5m
(s) |
1.04 ±
0.06 |
1.08 ±
0.07 † |
0.57 (-1.27-0.14) |
1.07 ±
0.08 |
1.03 ±
0.09 § † |
-0.46 (-0.08-1.00) |
0.007 |
0.116 |
| 10m
(s) |
1.79 ±
0.07 |
1.84 ±
0.08 † |
0.63 (-1.34-0-08) |
1.81 ±
0.13 |
1.78 ±
0.09 § |
-0.26 (-0.27-0.80) |
0.005 |
0.183 |
| 15m
(s) |
2.46 ±
0.09 |
2.51 ±
0.10 |
0.55 (-1.26-0.16) |
2.48 ±
0.13 |
2.45 ±
0.11 § |
-0.25 (-0.29-0.78) |
0.002 |
0.209 |
| 20m
(s) |
3.09 ±
0.11 |
3.14 ±
0.12 † |
0.46 (-1.16-0.25) |
3.12 ±
0.15 |
3.08 ±
0.12 § |
-0.29 (-0.25-0.83) |
0.010 |
0.153 |
| 505
left (s) |
2.20 ±
0.15 |
2.23 ±
0.16 |
0.21 (-0.90-0.49) |
2.24 ±
0.14 |
2.17 ±
0.15 § † |
-0.48 (-0.07-1.02) |
0.008 |
0.161 |
| 505
right (s) |
2.21 ±
0.13 |
2.25 ±
0.16 |
0.27 (-0.97-0.42) |
2.21 ±
0.11 |
2.16 ±
0.14 § † |
-0.39 (-0.15-0.93) |
0.009 |
0.159 |
| CoDD
left |
0.45 ±
0.26 |
0.41 ±
0.13 |
-0.29 (-0.41-0.99) |
0.43 ±
0.17 |
0.39 ±
0.15 |
-0.25 (-0.29-0.78) |
0.837 |
0.001 |
| CoDD
right |
0.46 ±
0.23 |
0.41 ±
0.13 |
-0.26 (-0.43-0.96) |
0.41 ±
0.17 |
0.38 ±
0.15 |
-0.18 (-0.35-0.72) |
0.757 |
0.002 |
* η2 = partial eta squared (analysis of covariance); SD = standard deviation; CMJ = countermovement jump; F = force; max = maximal; avg = average; RSI = reactive strength index; 505 = change of direction test; CoDD = change of direction deficit; N – newtons; m – meters; s – seconds; N/kg – newtons per kilogram† = indicates significant difference (p < 0.05) in paired t-test within group§ = Indicates significant difference (p < 0.05) in post-intervention groups when using pretest score as a covariate.
