Table 3. Moderator variables.
Moderator K(N) Hedges' g 95% confidence interval p-value
Lower limit Upper limit Within groups Between groups
RSA Mean Age < 18 years 8 -0.97 -1.55 -0.39 <0.01 0.86
≥ 18 years 5 -1.06 -1.81 -0.30 <0.01
Sports Soccer 6 -1.05 -1.68 -0.42 <0.01 0.35
Basketball 2 -1.87 -3.39 -0.35 0.02
Handball 3 -0.52 -1.57 0.53 0.33
CT PT + ST 8 -1.46 -2.17 -0.76 <0.01 0.02
PT + RT + ST 3 -0.33 -0.74 0.09 0.12
RT + ST 2 -0.45 -1.00 0.09 0.10
RSA test One COD sprint 8 -0.98 -1.51 -0.45 <0.01 0.41
Multiple COD sprint 3 -1.45 -2.75 -0.15 0.03
Linear sprint 2 -0.60 -1.17 -0.04 0.04
RSA Best Age < 18 years 8 -0.99 -1.48 -0.50 <0.01 0.56
≥ 18 years 5 -0.78 -1.34 -0.19 <0.01
Sports Soccer 6 -0.88 -1.64 -0.13 0.02 0.42
Basketball 2 -1.32 -1.99 -0.65 <0.01
Handball 3 -0.76 -1.28 -0.23 <0.01
CT PT + ST 8 -1.35 -1.73 -0.97 <0.01 <0.01
PT + RT + ST 3 -0.04 -0.46 0.37 0.84
RT + ST 2 -0.38 -0.92 0.17 0.18
RSA test One COD sprint 8 -0.75 -1.35 -0.16 0.01 0.37
Multiple COD sprint 3 -1.21 -1.76 -0.67 <0.01
Linear sprint 2 -0.70 -1.27 -0.12 0.02
CT: combined training; PT: plyometric training; RT: resistance training; RSA: repeated sprint ability; ST: sprint training; Bold values: p < 0.05, denoting statistical significance.