Whole-Body Vibration and Rehabilitation of Chronic Diseases: A Review of the Literature

Table 4. The acute effects of WBV on neurological conditions.

Reference	Ability assessed*	Outcome measure†	AT‡	WBV W-G sig§	Control(s) W-G sig**	B-G sig† †	Exercise protocol^‡‡
Multiple Sclerosis
Schuhfried et al. 2005)	Bal & Mob	Post sw (sc) FRT (mm) TUG (s) (csc)	15min 1 week 2 weeks 15min 1 week 2 weeks 15min 1 week 2 weeks	â†‘ 5.8 (9.7) â†‘ 7.0 (5.0) â†‘ 6.3 (10.1) â†‘ 0.3 (40.1) â†‘ 32.8 (71.6) â†‘ 7.8 (65.4) â†‘ -0.6 (0.6) â†‘ -1.0 (1.1) â†‘ -1.2 (1.1)	â†“ -1.2 (6.5) â†‘ 0.3 (5.8) â†‘ 3.8 (2.5) â†‘ -6.1 (33.1) â†‘ 34.4 (42.0) â†‘ 35.3 (64.5) â†‘ 0.1 (0.8) â†‘ 0.6 (0.8) â†‘ -0.3 (0.6)	Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø (*) Ø	V: 5x1min of WBV + 1min rest between PL: 5x1min of TENS + 1min rest between SP
Jackson et al. (2008)	Strength	IPT (Q/H) 2Hz (Nm) IPT (Q/H) 26Hz (Nm) (csc)	1min 10min 20min 1min 10min 20min	Ø â†‘ 108.5 (34.4)/ Ø Ø Ø â†‘ 111.5 (36.5)/ Ø Ø	N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A	Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø	30s, SP
Parkinson’s Disease
Haas et al. (2006a)	Mot Imp	UPDRS V₁ (sc) UPDRS V₂ (sc)	Immed Immed	â†‘ 16.8% in V₁ â†‘ 14.7% in V₂	--	Ø	V₁: 5x1min + 1min rest (V-REST) V₂: 1min rest + 5x1min (REST-V), SP
Haas et al. (2006b)	Prop	KAng min av (⁰) KAng max av (⁰)	Immed Immed	Ø Ø	Ø Ø	Ø Ø	V: 5x1min + 1min rest, 10 extension-flexion cycles, SP
Turbanski et al. (2005)	Bal	Post sw NS (cm) Post sw TS (cm)	Immed	â†‘ 14.9% â†‘ 24%	â†‘ 7.1% Ø	Ø (*)	V: 5x1min, SP
Stroke
Tihanyi et al. (2007)	Strength	EPT Xt (Nm) IPT Xt (Nm)	Immed	â†‘ 22,2% â†‘ 36,6%	Ø Ø	() ()	V: 5x1min + 1 min rest between, SP
Van Nes et al. (2004)	Bal	RMS COP (m/s)	Immed	velocity â†“ when eyes closed Shift speed â†‘	Ø Ø	----	V: 1^st: BA + FE 2^nd: BA + rest +WBV 4x45sec +1min rest between, SP 3^rd: BA +rest 4^th: BA

Balance & Mobility (Bal & Mob); Motor Impairment (Mot Imp); Proprioception (Prop) Postural sway (Post sw); Score (sc); Change score (csc); Functional Reach Test (FRT); Timed-Up-and-Go test (TUG); Isometric peak torque (IPT); Quadriceps (Q); Hamstrings (H); Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS); Knee angles (KAng); Average (av); Vibration followed by rest (V1); Rest followed by vibration (V2); Narrow standing (NS); Tandem standing (TS); Eccentric peak torque (EPT); Extensors (Xt); Isometric peak torque (ITP); Root Mean Square centre of pressure (RMS COP) Assessment Time (AT); Immediately (Immed) Whole-Body Vibration (WBV); Within-group significance (W-G sig); Statistically significant increase (â†‘); No significant change (ø); Statistically significant decrease (â†“) Between-group significance (B-G sig); Significant difference between groups (*); Change not reported (--) Vibration (V); Placebo (PL); Static position (SP); Balance assessment (BA); Functional evaluation (FE)