Table 4. Values of arithmetic means (Mean) and standard deviations (SD) of angular velocities in joints at the moment of contact of the racket with the ball (Vcont) in individual tests (degree/s). Data are means (±SD).
|
FH1 |
FH2 |
FH3 |
BH1 |
BH2 |
BH3 |
VcontRAFE |
15.62(54.13) |
-4.63(54.27) |
7.54(52.22) |
63.00(73.94) |
45.29(63.34) |
65.27(97.17) |
VcontLAFE |
49.65(113.4) |
43.93(105.88) |
50.21(102.13) |
14.70(62.22) |
-10.75(58.94) |
7.65(47.96) |
VcontRKFE |
-37.97(80.97) |
-46.10(100.95) |
-17.76(138.26) |
-104.38(73.43) |
-106.54(73.82) |
-106.85(80.67) |
VcontLKFE |
-31.65(76.69) |
-20.95(109.07) |
2.42(90.91) |
-19.65(96.38) |
-11.37(91.76) |
4.04(86.26) |
VcontRHAA |
-32.17(69.91) |
-27.79(66.92)*† |
-27.73(70.53) |
68.28(71.40) |
93.29(77.13) |
103.59(99.55) |
VcontLHAA |
45.21(60.45) |
15.1665.80) |
67.48(72.87) |
-45.52(72.27) |
-72.42(79.76) |
-76.93(82.42) |
VcontRHFE |
-198.41(110.29) |
-206.74(155.02) |
-237.03(127.49) |
-30.21(70.87) |
-53.95(83.46) |
-16.82(89.43) |
VcontLHFE |
79.34(106.97) |
5.26(188.00) |
103.71(110.37) |
-87.31(103.79) |
-138.68(88.43) |
-107.45(118.86) |
VcontRHIE |
-93.00(158.11) |
-135.05(159.22) |
-131.98(183.8) |
36.93(62.85) |
30.68(62.44) |
79.47(94.71) |
VcontLHIE |
-68.69(141.27) |
-154.74(183.50) |
-92.07(153.00) |
-43.65(73.81) |
-59.90(82.20) |
-34.54(95.86) |
VcontPRot |
218.90(122.41) |
160.42(208.77) |
248.39(132.84) |
-88.45(67.69) |
-113.43(78.74) |
-139.18(92.55) |
VcontPTilt |
-53.48(38.87)* |
-81.37(53.66) |
-67.57(43.17) |
-1.86(38.65) |
-19.10(37.68) |
-2.56(38.81) |
VcontPObli |
-18.41(40.20) |
-20.63(46.34) |
-6.02(40.26) |
31.03(47.32) |
40.9048.05) |
56.22(62.90) |
VcontSRot |
397.03(126.73) |
321.68(251.92) |
403.79(221.86) |
-35.79(111.00)*† |
-98.50(119.23) |
-77.38(158.93) |
VcontSTilt |
-241.14(75.89) |
-326.42(85.68) |
-302.32(92.97) |
-79.45(79.44) |
-99.44(85.62) |
-71.77(116.26) |
VcontSObli |
60.41(62.00) |
100.53(105.12) |
93.03(100.57) |
37.97(59.34) |
61.04(58.86) |
53.17(76.25) |
VcontRShFE |
246.21(320.34) |
285.26(384.53) |
348.55(79.02) |
188.48(86.37)† |
185.43(117.01) |
199.48(145.04) |
VcontRShAA |
-43.55(90.03) |
-23.16(128.49)† |
26.50(85.09) |
8.48(69.39)† |
-54.01(77.94) |
46.69(131.23) |
VcontRShIE |
-219.10(550.35)* |
-264.00(608.23)*† |
-328.12(636.71)*† |
608.79(216.59) |
745.04(190.53) |
541.34(238.24) |
VcontREPS |
-89.85(97.67) |
-43.58(136.77) |
-155.84(123.83) |
-533.69(222.36) |
-724.15(202.57)† |
-410.71(216.75) |
VcontREFE |
40.96(87.01) |
43.37(75.67) |
-21.64(142.22) |
-468.93(141.41) |
-301.06(122.47)* |
-512.85(157.310 |
VcontRWAA |
29.23(46.77) |
54.84(94.35) |
6.10(129.03) |
-260.59(138.38) |
-206.86(127.00) |
-256.93(156.73) |
VcontRWIE |
-15.94(89.48) |
17.91(31.48) |
3.29(59.82) |
48.83(96.39)* |
27.05(108.31) |
15.54(134.13) |
VcontRWFE |
64.07(92.56) |
37.47(101.77) |
50.76(128.42) |
-790.34(537.74) |
-915.64(311.59) |
-989.48(346.11) |
VcontLWFE |
-2.45(183.80) |
-11.32(139.52) |
33.83(165.49) |
31.03(47.32) |
-31.89(161.30) |
-11.38(156.00) |
VcontLWIE |
-10.99(67.40) |
15.16(62.71) |
6.15(74.60) |
1.57(109.50) |
17.04(96.48) |
-0.26(73.350 |
VcontLWAA |
10.03(81.16) |
4.83(115.08) |
4.23(70.90) |
-7.15(38.03) |
-10.48(118.46) |
-65.20(190.18) |
VcontLEFE |
214.85(192.89) |
195.69(177.53) |
188.22(253.69) |
16.71(157.73) |
-49.82(124.18) |
-35.17(143.23) |
VcontLEPS |
176.28(779.83) |
43.00(145.11) |
-30.57(116.09) |
-158.42(181.83) |
-42.26(149.89) |
-73.16(183.40) |
VcontLShFE |
124.24(242.43) |
117.26(329.83) |
291.55(135.66) |
-137.69(132.47) |
-116.48(156.43) |
-126.00(184.87) |
VcontLShAA |
-68.07(203.14) |
-74.11(166.36)* |
-138.25(122.98)*† |
276.65(164.53) |
228.26(212.94) |
240.03(219.19) |
VcontLShIE |
166.86(461.56) |
72.14(283.33)*† |
89.99(253.37) |
75.80(164.19) |
88.49(147.90) |
106.95(161.75) |
* - the value of velocity, which correlates to VRmax.† - the value of velocity, which correlates to VRcontWrist joint (W): abduction – adduction (AA) and flexion – extension (FE), elbow joint (E): flexion-extension (FE) and pronation-supination (PS), shoulder joint (Sh): flexion – extension (FE), internal – external rotation (IE) and abduction – adduction (AA), ankle joint (A): flexion – extension (FE), knee joint (K): flexion-extension (FE), hip joint (H): flexion – extension (FE), internal – external rotation (IE) and abduction – adduction (AA), pelvis (P) - obliquity (Obli), tilt (Tilt) and rotation (Rot), and shoulder girdle (S) obliquity (Obli), tilt (Tilt) and rotation (Rot). Minus sign – extension, adduction or external rotation; plus sign – flexion, abduction or internal rotation