Table 4. Kinematic parameters (angles in chosen joints and acceleration of the hand) - Means, Standard Deviations (SDs), Coefficients of Variation (CVs) and p value from the Fisher’s exact test (significant differences between TF1 and TF 2) in particular events during the topspin forehand, task 2 (TF2) – exemplary player 1.
|
TF1 |
| Ready |
Backswing |
Contact |
Forward |
| Mean(SD) |
CV(%) |
Mean(SD) |
CV(%) |
Mean(SD) |
CV(%) |
Mean(SD) |
CV(%) |
| LumbRot |
-1.9(1.2) |
62 |
1.5(1.1) |
72 |
0.9p=0.01(1.4) |
160 |
-7.5(1.0) |
13 |
| LumbFlex |
14.1p<0.01(1.1) |
8 |
14.5(1.0) |
7 |
10.5(1.5) |
15 |
9.4p<0.01(1.1) |
12 |
| LumbLat |
1.9p<0.01(0.5) |
29 |
3.5(0.4) |
12 |
4.5(0.6) |
14 |
1.2(0.6) |
47 |
| ChestRot |
-5.7p=0.04(4.0) |
70 |
-4.3p<0.01(2.2) |
51 |
2.6(2.6) |
100 |
10.1(1.2) |
11 |
| ChestFlex |
-10.9p<0.01(2.0) |
19 |
-6.7(2.3) |
34 |
-12.3(4.7) |
38 |
-12.5p<0.01(2.8) |
22 |
| ChestLat |
-1.2p<0.01(2.3) |
190 |
16.3(3.9) |
24 |
10.7p<0.01(3.4) |
32 |
-3.8(2.9) |
76 |
| LeftHipFlex |
52.0p<0.01(2.0) |
4 |
29.9(4.4) |
15 |
34.1p<0.01(7.8) |
23 |
61.9(3.7) |
6 |
| LeftHipAbd |
18.0p<0.01(3.5) |
19 |
21.3p<0.01(1.0) |
5 |
13.5(1.0) |
7 |
15.0p=0.01(3.5) |
23 |
| LeftHipRot |
-8.3(2.5) |
30 |
15.1(3.8) |
25 |
-0.5p=0.02(5.4) |
1017 |
7.9(3.9) |
49 |
| LeftKneeFlex |
41.0p<0.01(4.1) |
10 |
69.9(3.7) |
5 |
53.2p<0.01(7.2) |
13 |
47.7(2.7) |
6 |
| RightHipFlex |
47.5p<0.01(5.4) |
11 |
89.4(2.7) |
3 |
63.4p<0.01(3.3) |
5 |
55.1(4.3) |
8 |
| RightHipAbd |
14.5p=0.01(2.9) |
20 |
-7.6(1.3) |
17 |
10.8p<0.01(1.6) |
15 |
15.4p<0.01(1.5) |
10 |
| RightHipRot |
-3.9(3.5) |
90 |
-23.1(3.7) |
16 |
-15.7p=0.03(6.1) |
39 |
8.0(3.4) |
42 |
| RightKneeFlex |
48.6p<0.01(5.7) |
12 |
71.1p<0.01(4.8) |
7 |
70.4p=0.01(2.7) |
4 |
66.9(4.8) |
7 |
| ShExtRot |
-10.8p<0.01(9.5) |
88 |
8.2(5.5) |
67 |
-8.1p<0.01(3.6) |
45 |
-14.8(13.8) |
93 |
| ShFlex |
29.3(5.7) |
20 |
5.7p=0.03(3.9) |
69 |
27.9(3.8) |
14 |
95.3p<0.01(2.8) |
3 |
| ShAbd |
2.7(2.2) |
81 |
30.0p<0.01(5.7) |
19 |
26.7p<0.01(1.8) |
7 |
150.8(29.4) |
20 |
| ElFlex |
60.8(2.9) |
5 |
-19.6(6.3) |
32 |
-15.2p<0.01(5.4) |
36 |
40.0p<0.01(3.4) |
8 |
| WrExtensio |
-1.5p=0.01(6.4) |
426 |
26.4(3.2) |
12 |
29.3p<0.01(4.3) |
15 |
20.4(9.7) |
48 |
| WrRad |
-9.3(3.6) |
38 |
-2.1(7.5) |
353 |
3.4(5.2) |
153 |
9.0p=0.02(7.3) |
80 |
| WrSup |
-1.1p=0.01(9.1) |
808 |
26.9p=0.01(4.7) |
17 |
45.0p=<0.01(4.2) |
9 |
-41.2(8.1) |
20 |
| ACC(m/s2) |
|
|
|
|
158.3(1.5) |
1 |
|
|
Lumb – lumbar segment, Sh – shoulder, El – elbow, Wr – wrist, Rot – rotation, flex – flexion, Lat – lateral bend, Abd – abduction, ExtRot – external rotation, Rad – radial deviation, Sup – supination, bold font – significant difference with p≤0.05, bold font underlined with a single line – medium value of CV, bold font underlined with two lines – small value of CV
