Table 4. Hierarchical linear regression for the physical activity levels in physical education lessons (N = 79).
| Independent variables |
Sitting |
Standing |
MVPA |
| B |
SE B |
β |
B |
SE B |
β |
B |
SE B |
β |
| Step 1: Demographic variables |
| Sports |
0.32 |
0.09 |
1.23*** |
-0.55 |
0.13 |
-1.04*** |
0.23 |
0.11 |
0.54* |
| Class gender |
-0.19 |
0.07 |
-0.55** |
0.08 |
0.1 |
0.11 |
0.11 |
0.08 |
0.20 |
| Teacher gender |
0.14 |
0.07 |
0.53* |
-0.56 |
0.1 |
-1.04*** |
0.42 |
0.08 |
0.97*** |
| Venue |
0.14 |
0.03 |
0.51*** |
-0.28 |
0.05 |
0.52*** |
0.15 |
0.04 |
0.33** |
| Phase |
-0.01 |
0.02 |
-0.06 |
0.01 |
0.03 |
0.03 |
0 |
0.03 |
0 |
| Class size |
-0.12 |
0.04 |
-0.86** |
0.25 |
0.06 |
0.88*** |
-0.13 |
0.05 |
-0.57* |
| Attendance |
0.09 |
0.19 |
0.04 |
0.76 |
0.3 |
0.19* |
-0.87 |
0.24 |
-0.26** |
| R |
.68 |
|
|
.83 |
|
|
.82 |
|
|
| Adjusted R2 |
.41 |
|
|
.65 |
|
|
.64 |
|
|
| F |
8.59*** |
|
|
21.91*** |
|
|
20.63*** |
|
|
| Step 2: Lesson content |
| General |
0.38 |
0.12 |
0.29** |
-0.67 |
0.19 |
-0.25** |
0.29 |
0.16 |
0.14 |
| Knowledge |
0.32 |
0.11 |
0.29** |
-0.35 |
0.16 |
-0.16* |
0.04 |
0.14 |
0.02 |
| Skill practices |
-0.18 |
0.08 |
-0.25* |
-0.12 |
0.13 |
-0.08 |
0.3 |
0.11 |
0.25** |
| Game play |
-0.08 |
0.09 |
-0.11 |
-0.4 |
0.14 |
-0.25** |
0.49 |
0.11 |
0.38*** |
| R |
.78 |
|
|
.88 |
|
|
.87 |
|
|
| Adjusted R2 |
.54 |
|
|
.73 |
|
|
.71 |
|
|
| F |
9.31*** |
|
|
20.1*** |
|
|
18.43*** |
|
|
| ∆R2 |
.15 |
|
|
.08 |
|
|
.08 |
|
|
| ∆F |
6.19*** |
|
|
6.05*** |
|
|
5.47** |
|
|
| Step 3: Teacher involvement |
| Instructs generally |
-0.01 |
0.16 |
-0.02 |
-0.44 |
0.24 |
-0.31 |
0.45 |
0.2 |
0.38* |
| Manages |
-0.02 |
0.13 |
-0.02 |
-0.09 |
0.19 |
-0.05 |
0.1 |
0.17 |
0.07 |
| Observes |
-0.22 |
0.15 |
-0.28 |
0.19 |
0.21 |
0.11 |
0.03 |
0.18 |
0.02 |
| R |
.8 |
|
|
.9 |
|
|
.89 |
|
|
| Adjusted R2 |
.55 |
|
|
.77 |
|
|
.74 |
|
|
| F |
7.93*** |
|
|
19.8*** |
|
|
16.66*** |
|
|
| ∆R2 |
.03 |
|
|
.05 |
|
|
.03 |
|
|
| ∆F |
1.74 |
|
|
5.11** |
|
|
3.29* |
|
|
MVPA = moderate to vigorous physical activity; B = unstandardized coefficients beta; SE B = standard Error for the unstandardized coefficients;β = standardized coefficients beta;*** p < 0.001;** p < 0.01;* p < 0.05.
