Table 5. Population characteristics of the selected studies.

Study	n	Age (years)	Sex	Training age	Training level	Type of sport	BMI (kg/m2)	Body fat (%)	VO2max (ml/kg/min)	Daily dietary intake
Arent et al., 2010	22	19.5±1.5	Male	N/A	Division I college team	Soccer players	24.4	N/A	49.8±4.1	N/A
Betts et al., 2009	17	26 ± 5	Male	N/A	Highly trained	Cyclists (n=8), Team sport players(n=9)	N/A	N/A	61 ± 5	9992±3077 kJ 53±13% CHO 32±10% Fat 15±5% PRO
Cockburn et al., 2013	14	24 ± 4	Male	N/A	Semi-professional	Soccer players	23.9	N/A	N/A	N/A
Gentle et al., 2014	10	22 ± 2	Male	N/A	Well-trained	Basketball players	24.4	9.5±2.7	N/A	N/A
Gilson et al., 2010	13	19.5±0.3	Male	N/A	NCAA Division I	Soccer players	23.5	N/A	N/A	N/A
Gunnarsson et al., 2013	19	24 ± 1	Male	N/A	First & second division in Denmark	Soccer players	24.3	N/A	58.4±1.4	N/A
Highton et al., 2013	9	23.4±1.8	Male	N/A	University-Standard athletes	Soccer players (n=7) rugby players (n=2)	24.0	N/A	52.5±3.8	2086±279 kcal 282.5±67 g CHO 55.3±17 g Fat 114.8±32 g PRO
Naclerio et al., 2014	10	25 ± 3.8	Male	N/A	Recreationally active	Team sports	24.0	N/A	N/A	31.2±1.6 kcal/kg 4.2±0.18 g CHO/kg 1. ±0.20 g PRO/kg 1.04±0.15 g Fat/kg
Naclerio et al. 2015	16	24 ± 3.7	Male	N/A	Amateur	Soccer players	23.7	N/A	N/A	33.5±1.3 kcal/kg 5.51±0.21 g CHO/kg 1.4 0.26 g PRO/kg 1.15±0.16 g Fat/kg
Poulios ets al. 2018	20	20.6±1.1	Male	N/A	Semi-professional	Soccer players	24.0	9.9±2.2	57.7±3.4	Game days6.7 g CHO/kg 1.3 g PRO/kg Training days 5.1 g CHO/kg 1.2 g PRO/kg

BMI, body mass index; VO_2max, maximal oxygen consumption; N/A, not applicable; CHO, carbohydrates; PRO, protein.