Table 5. Results of univariate logistic regression analysis, injury versus injury-free runners.
Variable |
OR (95% CI) |
P |
Sex (male R) |
0.85 (0.65-1.13) |
0.27 |
Age |
1.0 (0.98-1.02) |
0.97 |
Obsessive passion |
1.36 (1.22-1.52) |
<0.001* |
BREQ-2 |
1.04 (0.99-1.08) |
0.122* |
Sleep quality |
1.24 (1.17-1.31) |
<0.001* |
RAND 36-items |
0.97 (0.95-0.98) |
<0.001* |
SQUASH |
1.00 (1.00-1.00) |
0.43 |
Running distance (km) |
Up to 10R |
Reference |
|
Between 10 & 20 |
1.0 (0.72-1.39) |
0.99 |
Over 20 |
1.75 (1.24-2.48) |
0.002* |
Running Experience (years) |
Up to 2R |
Reference |
|
Between 2 & 5 |
0.80 (0.57-1.12) |
0.20 |
Over 5 |
1.27 (0.87-1.83) |
0.22 |
Training sessions (No/pw) |
Up to 3R |
Reference |
|
Over 3 |
0.91 (0.67-1.22) |
0.52 |
Running duration (min/session) |
Up to 60R |
Reference |
|
Over 60 |
1.54 (1.16-2.05) |
0.003* |
BMI |
Normal R |
Reference |
|
Overweight |
1.45 (1.01-2.09) |
0.043* |
Obese |
0.61 (0.17-2.19) |
0.45 |
Foot type |
Normal R |
Reference |
|
Pes planus |
2.12 (1.42-3.17) |
<0.001* |
Pes cavus |
2.92 (1.48-5.74) |
0.002* |
Training surface |
Hard |
1.30 (1.14-1.48) |
<0.001* |
Soft |
0.95 (0.78-1.15) |
0.60 |
Treadmill |
0.88 (0.75-1.02) |
0.08* |
Others |
1.11 (0.90-1.41) |
0.35 |
Running company (alone R) |
1.28 (0.95-1.73) |
0.11* |
Running program (no R) |
1.35 (1.02-1.78) |
0.036* |
Other sports (No R) |
1.50 (1.06-2.12) |
0.022* |
Special shoes (yes R) |
1.24 (0.92-1.68) |
0.16* |
Special insole (yes R) |
1.32 (1.03-2.27) |
0.11* |
Warm-up (yes R) |
1.48 (0.87-2.50) |
0.15* |
Cool-down (yes R) |
0.97 (0.67-1.41) |
0.86 |
Foot strike |
Rearfoot R |
Reference |
|
Midfoot |
1.22 (0.94-2.00) |
0.088* |
Forefoot |
0.98 (0.68-1.42) |
0.92 |
R reference values.* variables entered into multivariable logistic analysis for injured vs. non-injured runners.