Heavy Resistance Training and Peri-Exercise Ingestion of a Multi-Ingredient Ergogenic Nutritional Supplement in Males: Effects on Body Composition, Muscle Performance and Markers of Muscle Protein Synthesis

Table 7. Total Phopshoprotein levels of insulin signaling pathway intermediate before and after SizeOn maximum performance supplementation and resistance training. Values are means (±SD).

Variable	Group	Day 0	Day 43	Group (p ≤ .05)	Test (p ≤ .05)	Group x Test (p ≤ .05)
Total IRS-1 (ng·mg^–1)	SIZE	.657 (.157)	.807 (.285) *	.073	.041	.154
Total IRS-1 (ng·mg^–1)	PCC	.610 (.127)	.767 (.149) *	.073	.041	.154
Total Akt (ng·mg^–1)	SIZE	.365 (.160)	.498 (.111) *	.442	.011	.142
Total Akt (ng·mg^–1)	PCC	.371 (.120)	.505 (.141) *	.442	.011	.142
Total p70S6K (ng·mg^–1)	SIZE	.014 (.004)	.019 (.011)	.136	.403	.467
Total p70S6K (ng·mg^–1)	PCC	.015 (.005)	.013 (.003)	.136	.403	.467
Total 4EBP-1 (ng·mg^–1)	SIZE	.076 (.039)	.096 (.042)	.431	.276	.779
Total 4EBP-1 (ng·mg^–1)	PCC	.091 (.057)	.102 (.071)	.431	.276	.779

Muscle phosphoprotein levels for the PCC (n = 12) and SIZE (n = 12) groups.* denotes a significant increase at Day 43. Resistance training increased total IRS-1 (p = 0.041) and Akt (p = 0.011) protein content.