Table 7. Summary of the studies on heel cup effect (n = 2).
Reference Shoe
Conditions
Tested
running
Speed
(m/s)
Subject Info
(Numbers, Sex, Age, Landing type)
Testing
Protocol
Outcome PEDro Score
Performance
related
Injury
related
Li et al., (2018) 1. Heel cup (HC)
2. Non-heel cup (N-HC)
NA 16, F=6, M=10, NA jogging HC ↓ load on plantar fascia & calcaneus bone after wearing heel cups for 4 weeks HC ↓ self-reported pain than N-HC. 6
Wang et al., (1994) 1. Rubber heel cup 1 (Rub-1)
2. Rubber heel cup 2 (Rub-2)
3. Plastic heel cup (Plastic)
4. No-heel cup
2.78 16, NA, AGE, volunteers without heel pain & 6
with heel pain
Treadmill Plastic ↑ heel pad thickness
than rubber heel cup;
Rubber & Plastic ↑ shock
absorption of heel than no heel cups
NA 6
NA = not available