 |
| |
| Study | Sport, sports expertise | Participants, gender (n), mean age (in years) | Type and duration of intervention | Test used to measure outcomes (study design) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abade et al. (2019) | Handball, semi-professional players (sport experience = 12.2 ± 1.8 y) |
M=20, 25 y | Compound strength training, complex strength training, 12 wks | 10-m and 20-m linear sprint (BS) |
| Alcarez et al. (2014) | Track and field (sprinters, long jumpers, decathletes), national level athletes | F=8, M=14, 21 y | Sled towing training, control, 4 wks | 50-m sprint (BS) |
| Ali et al. ( |
Soccer, university players (sport experience > 4 y) | M=36, 21 y | Complex training, contrast training, control, 6 wks | 20-m sprint (BS) |
| Aloui et al. ( |
Handball, national cadet and junior team (sport experience = 7.0 ± 1.1 y) | M=30, 19 y | Elastic band training, control, 8 wks | 5-m and 30-m sprint, 1RM half back squat (BS) |
| Alvarez et al. ( |
Golfers, athletes (sport experience = 10.2 ± 4.5 and 9.7 ± 6.1 y) | M=10, 24 y | Strength training (maximal, explosive, and specific exercises), control, 18 wks | 1RM squat, 1RM bench press, 1RM seated row machine, 1RM triceps push-down, 1RM seated calf extension, 1RM seated barbell military (BS) |
| Anderson et al. ( |
Basketball, wrestling, hockey, athletes (sport experience = 3.6 and 3.7 y) | F=22, M=22, 20 y | Elastic and free weight resistance training, free weight resistance training alone, 7 wks | 1RM bench press, 1RM back squat (BS) |
| Appleby et al. ( |
Rugby, union academy players | M=33, 22 y, range: 18-29 y | Bilateral resistance training, unilateral resistance training, control, 18 wks | 1RM squat, 1RM step-up (BS) |
| Arazi and Asadi ( |
Basketball, semi-professional athletes (sport experience = 4.8 ± 2.5 y) | M=18, 19 y | Aquatic plyometric training, land plyometric training, control, 8 wks | 36.5-m and 60-m sprints, 1RM leg press (BS) |
| Arazi et al. ( |
Volleyball, players (sport experience = 5.2 ± 1.7 y) | F=30, 19 y | Resistance training (cluster sets), resistance training (traditional set), control, 8 wks | 20-m sprint, 1RM back squat, 1RM bench press, 1RM military press, 1RM deadlift (BS) |
| Arede et al. ( |
Basketball, group form U18 to senior amateur level athletes | M=20, 20 y, range: 15-34 y | Strength training, control, 10 wks | 10-m and 25-m sprint (BS) |
| Ataee et al. ( |
Kung-Fu, wrestling, trained athletes | M=24, 21 y | Accommodation resistance training, constant resistance training, 4 wks | 1 RM squat, 1RM bench press (BS) |
| Ayers et al. ( |
Volleyball, softball, NCAA Division I athletes | F=23, 20 y, range: 18-22 y | Hang clean training, hang snatch training, 6 wks | 40-yard sprint, 1RM back squat (BS) |
| Bachero-Mena et al. ( |
Track and field (800-m runners), national and international levels athletes | M=13, 22 y, range: 17-35 y | High-speed resistance training, circuit training, 25 wks | 20-m and 200-m sprints, 800-m run (BS) |
| Balsalobre-Fernández et al. (2013) | Track and field (400-meter hurdles), highly competitive athletes | M=7, 22 y | Power training, 10 wks | 30-m sprint, 1RM half squat (WS) |
| Bartolomei et al. ( |
Track and field (throwing events), rugby, American football, experienced athletes | M=24, 24 y | Block periodization training, traditional periodization training, 15 wks | 1RM isometric half-squat, 1RM bench press (BS) |
| Bartolomei et al. ( |
Track and field (throwing events), rugby, American football, wrestling, experienced athletes | M=18, 25 y | Block periodization training, weekly undulating training, 15 wks | 1RM isometric half-squat, 1RM bench press (BS) |
| Beattie et al. ( |
Track and field (1,500–10,000 m runners), competitive collegiate and national-level athletes | M=20, 28 y | Strength training, control, 40 wks | 1RM back squat (BS) |
| Ben Brahim et al. ( |
Soccer, elite players (Tunisian national U- 19 team members) |
M=34, 19 y | Combined muscular strength and resisted sprint training, control, 6 wks | 5-m and 20-m sprints, 1RM half-back squat (BS) |
| Berryman et al. ( |
Track and field (endurance runners), from moderately to well-trained athletes | M=35, 30 y | Plyometric training, dynamic weight training, control, 8 wks | 3,000-m run (BS) |
| Berryman et al. ( |
Track and field (endurance runners), well-trained athletes | M=8, 33 y | Plyometric training, dynamic weight training, 8 wks | 3,000-m run (BS) |
| Blazevich and Jenkins ( |
Track and field (sprint runners), elite athletes (nationally ranked) (sport experience > 5 y) | M=9, 19 y | High-velocity resistance training, low-velocity resistance training, 7 wks | 20-m sprint, 1-RM squat (BS) |
| Brito et al. ( |
Soccer, local soccer club players | M=57, 20 y | Resistance training, plyometric training, complex training, control, 9 wks | 5-m and 20-m sprints, 1-RM squat (BS) |
| Burnham et al. ( |
Volleyball and basketball, collegiate athletes (NCAA Division II) | F=19, 20 y | Traditional training, chain training, 16 sessions | 1 RM bench press (BS) |
| Campos-Vazquez et al. ( |
Soccer, youth team that competes in the top Spanish U-19 category (sport experience > 5 y) | M=21, 18 y, range: 16-19 y | Squat training, take-off training, 8 wks | RSA (BS) |
| Chelly et al. ( |
Soccer, regional team (sport experience = 7.2 ± 1.2 y) | M=21, 19 y | Plyometric training, control, 8 wks | 40-m sprint (BS) |
| Cherif et al. ( |
Handball, elite players recruited from a team ranked among the better of the Tunisian first league (sport experience > 12 y) | M=22, 22 y | Strength training, control, 12 wks | 1RM half-back squat, 1RM bench press, 1RM developed neck, 1RM print, 1RM pull-over (BS) |
| Cherni et al. ( |
Basketball, elite players (sport experience = 10.8 ± 3.2 y and 10.8 ± 4.8 y) | F=27, 21 y | Plyometric training, control, 8 wks | 10-m, 20-m, and 30-m sprints (BS) |
| Coratella et al. ( |
Soccer, fourth-division (Serie-D) (sport experience > 5 y) | M=40, 23 y | Negative work-based training, weight training in the change of direction, 8 wks | 10 m and 30-m sprints, 1RM squat (BS) |
| Crewther et al. ( |
Rugby, premier club players in New Zealand | M=24, 30 y | Full-body training, split-body training, 4 wks | 1RM back squat, 1RM bench press (WS) |
| Cross et al. ( |
Soccer, rugby, club-level athletes | F=12, M=24, 27 y | Resisted sprint training (optimal load), resisted sprint training (high load), 12 weeks | 5-m, 10-m, and 30-m sprints (BS) |
| Cummings et al. ( |
Golf, Mississippi State University team players | M=10, 21 y, range: 18-22 y | Fat grip training, control, 8 wks | 1RM deadlift (BS) |
| Dolezal et al. ( |
Track and field (throwers, jumpers, sprinters), Division III | F=9, M=11, 20 y | Combining velocity-based training with eccentric focus, velocity-based training, 12 wks | 1RM squat, 1RM bench press (BS) |
| Douglas et al. ( |
Rugby, trained in academy | M=14, 19 y | Resistance training incorporating accentuated eccentric loading, traditional resistance training, 8 wks | 10-m, 20-m and 30-m sprints, 1RM back squat (BS) |
| El-Ashker et al. ( |
Track and field (long jumpers), regional level athletes (sport experience = 4.9 ± 2.1 y and 4.4 ± 1.9 y) | M=28, 19 y | Plyometric training, control, 8 wks | 30 m sprint (flying start) (BS) |
| Enoksen et al. ( |
Soccer, well-trained elite junior players | M=24, 19 y | Supervised strength training, unsupervised strength training, control, 10 wks | 10-m and 40-m sprints, 1RM leg press (BS) |
| Escobar-Alvarez et al. (2020) | Rugby, amateur union players (mean sport experience = 8.0 ± 1.7 y) | F=31, 24 y | Resisted sled training (2 groups), control, 8 wks | 5-m and 20-m sprints (BS) |
| Faude et al. ( |
Football, high-level amateur players (sport experience > 10 y) | M=16, 22 y | Strength training, control, 7 wks | 10-m and 30-m sprints, 1RM half squat (BS) |
| Franchini et al. ( |
Judo, athletes | M=13, age not provided | Linear undulating periodized resistance training, daily undulating periodized resistance training, 8 wks | 1RM bench press, 1RM squat, 1RM row (BS) |
| Freitas et al. ( |
Basketball, semi-professional players | M=18, 21 y | Optimal load training, modified complex training, 6 wks | 10-m sprint, 1RM half-squat, 1RM bench press, 1RM hip thrust (BS) |
| Ghigiarelli et al. ( |
Football, Division 1-AA players | M=36, 20 y | Elastic bands training, weighted chain training, control, 7 wks | 1RM bench press (BS) |
| Gil-Cabrera et al. ( |
Cycling, professional athletes | M=22, 19 y | Optimum power load training, traditional resistance training, 8 wks | 1RM squat, 1RM hip thrust, 1RM lunge (BS) |
| Gjinovci et al. ( |
Volleyball, players participating at the highest competitive level in Kosovo (i.e., first division players) | F=41, 22 y | Plyometric skill based training, volleyball skill based training, 12 wks | 20-m sprint (BS) |
| Grazioli et al. ( |
Soccer, professional players | M=17, 26 y | Moderate load sled training, heavy load sled training, 11 wks | 10-m and 20-m sprints (BS) |
| Guglielmo et al. ( |
Track and field, regional and national level middle- and long-distance runners (3000 m to half-marathon) | M=16, 27 y | Explosive strength training, heavy weight strength training, 4 wks | 1RM leg press (BS) |
| Hansen et al. ( |
Rugby, elite union players | M=18, 27 y | Traditional strength training, cluster training, 8 wks | 1RM back squat (BS) |
| Harris et al. ( |
Rugby, well-trained league players | M=18, 22 y | Machine squat jump training (80% 1RM), machine squat jump training (individual load for peak power), 7 wks | 10-m and 30-m sprints, 1RM machine hack-squat (BS) |
| Harrison and Bourke ( |
Rugby, professional or semiprofessional players | M=15, 21 y | Resisted sprint training, control, 6 wks | 30-m sprint (BS) |
| Hermassi et al. ( |
Handball, elite players (top National Handball League) (sport experience = 8.2 ± 0.6 y) | M=26, 20 y | Heavy resistance training, moderate resistance training, 10 wks | 1RM bench press, 1RM pull-over (BS) |
| Hermassi et al. ( |
Handball, elite, national level players (sport experience = 9.1 ± 0.2 y and 8.7 ± 0.6 y) | M=24, 20 y | Heavy resistance training, control, 8 wks | 30-m sprint, 1RM back half squat, 1RM pull-over, 1RM bench press (BS) |
| Hermassi et al. ( |
Handball, team that played at the highest (Tunisia) national level (sport experience = 12.4 ± 2.1 y) | M=24, 20 y | Plyometric training, control, 8 wks | RSA (BS) |
| Hermassi et al. ( |
Handball, elite players (top national handball league) (sport experience = 7.5 ± 0.5 y) | M=34, 18 y | Resistance training, regular throwing training, control, 8 wks | 1RM bench press, 1RM pullover (BS) |
| Hermassi et al. ( |
Handball, national-level Tunisian youth team (U19) (sport experience = 9.1 ± 0.3 y) | M=22, 19 y | Strength training, control, 10 wks | 1RM half squat, RSA (BS) |
| Hermassi et al. ( |
Handball, first and second league handball players (sport experience = 8.2 ± 0.8 y) | M=22, 21 y | Combined resistance training, resistance training, 10 wks | RSA, 1RM bench press, 1RM back half-squat (BS) |
| Hermassi et al. ( |
Handball, elite players (first national league) | M=20, 21 y | Weightlifting training, control, 12 wks | 30-m sprint, 1RM bench press, 1RM snatch, 1RM clean and jerk, 1RM back half-squat (BS) |
| Hermassi et al. ( |
Handball, elite players (first national league) (sport experience = 9.2 ± 0.7 y) | M=22, 20 y | Weightlifting training, control, 12 wks | 30-m sprint, 1RM bench press, 1RM snatch, 1RM clean and jerk, 1RM back half-squat (BS) |
| Hermassi et al. ( |
Handball, elite players (sport experience = 7.2 ± 1.1 y) | M=19, 19 y | Circuit strength training, control, 12 wks | 15-m and 30-m sprints, 1RM bench press, 1RM pull-over, 1RM half-squat (BS) |
| Hertzog et al. ( |
Soccer, players playing with the reserve (U21) and U19 teams of a French first division club (sport experience > 5 y) | M=28, 18 y | Upper-body resistance training, control, 30 wks | 1RM bench press, 1RM bench pull (BS) |
| Hoff and Almasbakk ( |
Handball, Norwegian second division | F=16, 20 y, range: 17-26 y | Strength training, control, 10 wks | 1RM bench press (BS) |
| Hoff et al. ( |
Cross-country skiing, well-trained skiers | M=19, 20 y | Strength training, control, 8 wks | 1RM at the modified cable pulley apparatus (BS) |
| Hoffman et al. ( |
American football, NCAA division IAA team | M=61, 19 y | Resistance training (four groups: 3, 4, 5, 6 days per week), 10 wks | 40-yard sprint, 2-mile run, 1RM squat, 1RM bench press (BS) |
| Hoffman et al. ( |
Basketball, NCAA division I | M=9, 19 y | Resistance training, 25 wks | 27-m sprint, 1.5 mile run, 1RM squat, 1RM bench press (WS) |
| Hoffman et al. ( |
Basketball, NCAA division I | M=22, 19 y | Resistance training (three groups), 25 wks | 27-m sprint, 1.5 mile run, 1RM squat, 1RM bench press (BS) |
| Hoffman et al. ( |
American football, NCAA division III | M=20, 19 y | Olympic lifting training, power lifting training, 15 wks | 40-yard sprint, 1RM squat, 1RM bench press (BS) |
| Hoffman et al. ( |
American football, NCAA division III | M=47, 20 y | Loaded jump squat training, unloaded jump squat training, control, 5 wks | 40-yard sprint, 1RM squat, 1RM power clean (BS) |
| Hoffman et al. ( |
American football, NCAA division III | M=51, 20 y | Non-periodized training, traditional periodized linear training, nonlinear periodized training, 15 wks | 1RM squat, 1RM bench press (BS) |
| Hong-Sun et al. ( |
Swimming, national team athletes | M=10, 19 y | Periodized strength training, 40 wks | 50-m sprint, 100-m run, 1RM squat, 1RM bench press, 1RM power clean, 1RM deadlift (WS) |
| Horwath et al. ( |
Ice hockey, Swedish and Norwegian junior hockey leagues |
M=22, 18 y | Isokinetic resistance training, eccentric overload training, traditional resistance training, 8 wks | 30-m sprint, 1RM back squat (BS) |
| Iacono et al. ( |
Handball, elite players (sport experience > 8 y) | M=18, 23 y | Vertical drop jump training, horizontal drop jump training, 10 wks | 10-m and 25-m sprints (BS) |
| Impellizzeri et al. ( |
Soccer, amateur players | M=44, 25 y | Plyometric grass training, plyometric sand training, 4 wks | 10-m and 20-m sprints |
| Iodice et al. ( |
Futsal, elite players | M=30, 24 y | Slow-speed resistance training with low intensity, traditional resistance training, 8 wks | 30-m and 60-m sprint (BS) |
| Izquierdo-Gabarren et al. ( |
Rowing, trained athletes (sport experience = 12.1 ± 5 y) | M=43, 26 y | Resistance training (four exercises to failure), resistance training (four exercises not to failure), resistance training (two exercises not to failure), control, 8 wks | 1RM prone bench pull (BS) |
| Jones et al. ( |
Football, collegiate NCAA Division 1AA players | M=30, 20 y | Maximum concentric acceleration training, control (traditional upper-body training), 14 wks | 1RM bench press (BS) |
| Joy et al. ( |
Basketball, National Collegiate Athletic Association division II players | M=14, age not provided | Variable resistance training, control, 5 wks | 40-y sprint, 1RM back squat, 1RM bench press, 1RM deadlift (BS) |
| Kale ( |
Handball, Super League Team players (sport experience > 4 y) |
F=19, 20 y | Plyometric training, control, 6 wks | 10-m, 20-m, and 30-m sprint (BS) |
| Katushabe and Kramer ( |
Soccer, collegiate players (sport experience > 1 y) | M=17, 20 y | Power-band resistance training, conventional resistance training, 6 wks |
40-m sprint, 1RM squat (BS) |
| Kostikiadis et al. ( |
Combat sport, professional, national level Mixed Martial Arts experienced fighters | M=17, 27 y | “Sport specific” strength training, “regular” strength training, 4 wks | 1RM back squat, 1RM bench press, 1RM deadlift (BS) |
| Kraemer et al. ( |
Tennis, collegiate players (sport experience = 8.1 ± 3.5 y) | F=30, 19 y | Resistance training (nonlinear periodized), resistance training (non-periodized), control, 9-month | 20-m sprint, 1RM leg press and bench press (BS) |
| Lago-Fuentes et al. ( |
Futsal, professional players, Spanish First Division Professional Futsal League | F=14, 24 y | Core strength training (stable surface), core strength training (unstable surface), 6 wks | 10-m sprint (BS) |
| Lahti et al. ( |
Soccer, professional players, premier division in Finland | M=32, 24 y | Resisted sled training (60% velocity decrement from maximal velocity), resisted sled training (50% velocity decrement from maximal velocity), control, 9 wks |
30-m sprint (BS) |
| Li et al. ( |
Track and field (long distance runners), collegiate well-trained athletes (sport experience > 4 y) | M=28, 21 y | Complex training with endurance training, heavy resistance training with endurance training, control (strength-endurance training and endurance training), 8 wks | 50-m sprint and 5-km time trial, 1RM squat (BS) |
| Losnegard et al. ( |
Cross country skiing, competitive athletes | F=8, M=11, 21 y | Strength training, control, 12 wks | 1RM half-squat, 1RM seated pull-down (BS) |
| Loturco et al. ( |
Soccer, professional players (sport experience > 10 y) | M=32, 19 y | Strength/power training (velocity-based), strength/power training (intensity-based), 6 wks | 10-m and 30-m sprint, 1RM squat (BS) |
| Loturco et al. ( |
Soccer, elite players (sport experience > 6 y) | M=24, 18 y | Resistance training (increased bar velocity group), resistance training (reduced bar velocity group), 6 wks | 20-m sprint, 1RM leg-press (BS) |
| Loturco et al. ( |
Soccer, professional players | M=18, 22 y | Resistance training (optimum power load + resisted sprints), resistance training (optimum power load + vertical/horizontal plyometrics), 5 wks |
30-m sprint (BS) |
| Manouras et al. ( |
Soccer, players (sport experience > 3 y) | M=30, 20 y | Horizontal plyometric training, vertical plyometric training, control, 8 wks | 10-m and 30-m sprint (BS) |
| Maroto-Izquierdo et al. ( |
Handball, professional players, Spanish first division handball league (ASOBAL) |
M=29, 22 y | Resistance training (flywheel), control (traditional resistance training with weight-stack machine), 6 wks | 20-m sprint, 1RM leg-press (BS) |
| Marques et al. ( |
Handball, high level professional players (sport experience = 9.8 ± 1.9 y) | M=16, 23 y, range: 18–29 y | Resistance training, 12 wks | 30-m sprint, 1RM bench press (WS) |
| Marques et al. ( |
Futsal, players (sport experience = 5.7 ± 2.8 y) | M=21, 18 y | Resistance training, control, 6 wks | 20-m sprint (BS) |
| McCurdy et al. ( |
Baseball, Division II players | M=28, 21 y | Resistance training (chain-loaded bench press), resistance training (plate-loaded bench press), 9 wks | 1RM bench press (plate- and chain-loaded) (BS) |
| McMaster et al. ( |
Ruby, semi-professional trained players | M=14, 21 y | Complex resistance training (strength + heavy ballistic), complex resistance training (strength + light ballistic), 2 x 5 wks | 30-m sprint, 1RM back squat, 1RM bench press (WS) |
| McMorrow et al. ( |
Soccer, professional players, Irish top division | M=18, 25 y | Resisted sled training, unresisted sprint training, 6 wks | 20-m sprint (BS) |
| Mirzak (2015) | Basketball, Ataturk University players | M=28, 22 y | Whole body resistance training, control, 12 wks | 1RM bench press (BS) |
| Mohanta et al. ( |
Lawn tennis, players (sport experience > 2 y) | M=40, 22 y, range: 18-25 y | Plyometric training, circuit training, 8 wks | 50-m sprint, 1RM chess press (BS) |
| Moore et al. ( |
Soccer, collegiate athletes (sport experience = 12.5 y) | F=10, M=5, 20 y | Resistance training (Olympic-style lifts), resistance training (traditional),12 wks | 25-m sprint (BS) |
| Morin et al. ( |
Track and Field (sprinters), trained experienced athletes (sport experience = 7.6 ± 2.0 y) | F=9, 22 y; M=13, 22 y | 20-m resisted sprints, 12 wks | 5-m and 30-m sprint (WS) |
| Nonnato et al. (2020) | Soccer, professional players | F=16, 23 y, range: 18-29 y | Plyometric training, control, 12 wks | 10-m and 30-m sprint (BS) |
| Oberacker et al. ( |
Soccer, National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II players | F=19, 19 y | Resistance training (stable surface), resistance training (unstable surface), 5 wks | 30-m sprint (WS) |
| Oranchuk et al. ( |
Softball, University players | F=28, 20 y | Resistance training (sport-specific exercises), resistance training (general-training exercises), 8 wks |
1RM chop-test (BS) |
| Ozban (2015) | Soccer, University Sports Club female soccer team, Women First League (sport experience > 5 y) |
F=20, 19 y | Plyometric training, control, 10 wks | 30-m sprint (BS) |
| Ozban et al. (2014) | Soccer, University Sports Club female soccer team, Women Second League (sport experience > 4 y) |
F=18, 18 y, range: 15-22 y | Plyometric training, control, 8 wks | 20-m sprint (BS) |
| Paavolainen et al. ( |
Cross country runners (orienteers), elite athletes (sport experience > 8 y) | M=22, 24 y | Explosive-strength training, control, 9 wks | 5-km time trial (BS) |
| Pacholek and Zemkova ( |
Football, professional players, Slovakia national U19 and senior team members (sport experience = 6.3 ± 1.9 y) | F=13, 20 y | Complex training (intermittent load), combined strength training (maximal strength and dynamic method), 9 wks | 1RM bench press, 1RM full squat (WS) |
| Pareja-Blanco et al. ( |
Soccer, professional players | M=20, 24 y | Squat training (velocity loss 15%), squat training (velocity loss 30%), 6 wks | 30-m sprint (BS) |
| Paz-Franco et al. ( |
Futsal, professional players | M=35, 24 y | Lower body resistance training (2 sessions/wk), Lower body resistance training (1 session/wk), Lower body resistance training (1 session every second week), 6 wks | 5-m, 10-m, and 15-m sprint (BS) |
| Pearson et al. ( |
Sailors, elite-level | M=14, 34 y | Weight training, control, 6 wks | 1RM bench pull (BS) |
| Pedersen et al. ( |
Football, level two and three in Norway |
F=46, 19 y, range: 15-26 y | Maximal strength free-barbell squat training, control, 5 wks | 5-m, 10-m, and 15-m sprint, 1RM squat (90° knee angle) (BS) |
| Prokopy et al. ( |
Softball, NCAA Division I players, (sport experience range: 0-5 y) | F=14, 21 y | Resistance training (closed–kinetic chain exercises), resistance training (open–kinetic chain exercises), 12 wks |
1RM bench press (BS) |
| Ramirez-Campillo et al. (2014) | Middle- and long-distance runners, highly competitive | F=14, M=22, 24 y | Plyometric training, control, 6 wks | 20-m sprint, 2.4 km running endurance (BS) |
| Ramos-Veliz et al. (2014) | Water polo, elite national-level athletes (sport experience = 8.5 ± 4.1 y) | M=27, 20 y | High-intensity strength training, control, 18 wks | 1RM bench press, 1RM full squat (BS) |
| Randell et al. ( |
Rugby, professional players (sport experience > 3 y) | M=13, 25 y | Resistance training (real time feedback), resistance training (no feedback), 6 wks | 30-m sprint (BS) |
| Rey et al. ( |
Soccer, amateur experienced players (sport experience = 14.7 ± 4.1 y) | M=19, 24 y | Resisted sprint training (weighted vest), unresisted sprint training, 6 wks | 10-m and 30-m sprint (BS) |
| Richard and Dawson (2009) | Lower limb power athletes (i.e., sprinter/hurdler, 100 to 800 m or a jumper, long jump, high jump, triple jump). |
F=14, range: 18-30 y | Traditional strength training, multidirectional strength training, 6 wks | 1RM shoulder flexion and shoulder abduction |
| Rodriguez-Rosell et al. (2017) | Soccer, semi-professional Spanish third division players | M=30, 25 y | Full squat training, full squat with plyometrics, control, 6 wks | 20-m sprint, 1RM squat (estimated) (BS) |
| Ronnestad et al. ( |
Soccer, professional players, Norwegian Premier League | M=21, 24 y | Heavy strength training, heavy strength and plyometrics, control, 7 wks | 40-m sprint, 1RM half-squat (BS) |
| Ronnestad et al. (2011) | Soccer, professional players | M=19, 24 y | Strength training (1/wk), strength training (1/every second wk), 10 wks overall +12 wks experimental | 40-m sprint, 1RM half-squat (BS) |
| Ronnestad et al. (2012) | Nordic Combined, well-trained, international athletes | M=17, 20 y | Heavy strength training with usual Nordic combined training, control, 12 wks | 1RM deep squat, 1RM seated pull-down (BS) |
| Sabido et al. ( |
Handball, first National Handball Division players (sport experience = 10.3 ± 3.4 y) |
M=18, 24 y | Eccentric-overload training (flyweel device), control, 7 wks | 20-m sprint, 1RM half-squat (BS) |
| Saez de Villareal et al. (2015) | Water polo, professional athletes, Spanish first division (sport experience = 7.8 ± 3.1 y) | M=30, 23 y | Dryland and in-water specific strength training, in-water specific training, upper and lower dryland plyometric training, 6 wks | 1RM bench press, 1RM full squat (BS) |
| Sedano et al. ( |
Endurance runners, well-trained (sport experience > 4 y) | M=18, 24 y | General strength with plyometrics and endurance training, endurance strength training, control, 12 wks | 5-km time trial, 1RM squat (BS) |
| Shalfawi et al. ( |
Soccer, elite well-trained players, second division level in Norway | F=20, 19 y | Strength training, resisted running and repeated sprint training, 10 wks | 20-m and 40-m sprint (BS) |
| Singh et al. ( |
Field hockey, elite players | F=6, M=11, 23 y | Low-to-high drop jump training, high-to-low drop jump training, 6 wks | 10-m and 20-m sprint (BS) |
| Speirs et al. ( |
Rugby, academy players | M=18, 18 y | Bilateral strength training, unilateral strength training, 5 wks | 10-m and 40-m sprint, 1RM squat (BS) |
| Spineti et al. ( |
Soccer, professional players, Brazilian league division | M=22, 18 y | Traditional strength training, complex contrast training, 8 wks | 1RM squat (BS) |
| Storen et al. (2008) | Endurance runners, well-trained | F=8, M=9, 29 y | Maximal strength training, control, 8 wks | 1RM squat (90° knee angle) (BS) |
| Styles et al. ( |
Soccer, elite professional players | M=17, 18 y | Individualized strength training, 6 wks | 5-m, 10-m, and 20-m sprint, 1RM squat (90° knee angle) (WS) |
| Taher et al. ( |
Track and field (long jumpers), professional athletes | M=20, 23 y | Vertical and horizontal plyometric training, control, 8 wks | 30-m sprint (BS) |
| Torres-Torrelo et al. ( |
Futsal, Spanish third division players (sport experience > 10 y) | M=36, 24 y | Full squat training, full squat and COD training, control, 6 wks | 20-m sprint, RSA (BS) |
| Torres-Torrelo et al. ( |
Futsal, Spanish third division players (sport experience > 10 y) | M=36, 24 y | Full squat training, full squat and COD training, control, 6 wks | 20-m sprint, RSA (BS) |
| Veliz et al. ( |
Water polo, national level players (sport experience = 8.5 ± 4.1 y) | M=27, 20 y | Strength and power training, control, 16 wks | 1RM full squat, 1RM bench press (BS) |
| Veliz et al. ( |
Water polo, Spanish first national division players (sport experience = 10.6 ± 4.1 y) | F=21, 26 y | Strength and power training, control, 16 wks | 1RM full squat (BS) |
| Watkins et al. ( |
Rugby, semiprofessional players | M=32, 20 y | Horizontal plyometric training, vertical plyometric training, control, 6 wks | 10-m, 20-m, 30-m sprint (WS) |
| Zabaloy et al. ( |
Rugby, highly trained (sport experience > 10 y) | M=33, 22 y, range: 21-24 y | Strength with plyometrics and sprint training, control, 7 wks | 5-m, 10-m, 20-m, 30-m sprint, 1RM squat (BS) |
| Zaferanieh et al. ( |
Table tennis, elite athletes (sport experience = 5 y) | M=30, 24 y | Power training, ballistic training, control, 8 wks | 1RM bench press, 1RM knee extension (BS) |