The purpose of present study was to compare the effect of Ia afferent attenuation on the activity of alpha motor neuron (MN) during concentric and eccentric action. Eight male subjects were enrolled in the present study. The experiments consisted of two sessions of MVC measurements, since all subjects performed both maximal concentric and eccentric action. EMG signals were simultaneously measured. To establish the baseline of strength, subjects were asked to perform MVC of knee extension in each session. After finishing the measurements, 20 min of vibration stimulation was applied. Immediately after finishing vibration stimulation, the MVC and AEMG were again measured. The means of MVC for concentric knee extension at pre and post- vibration stimulation were 192.2 ± 49.3 Nm and 162.3 ± 47.9 Nm, respectively. The means of MVC for eccentric knee extension at pre and post-vibration stimulation were 299.7 ± 77.0 Nm and 247.3 ± 88. 6 Nm, respectively. Two-factor repeated ANOVA detected significant differences in the MVC. Both main effects for pre-post condition (F(1,7)=, p = 0.0033) and action (F(1,7)=26.35, p = 0.0013) were noted. No interaction effect (action x condition) was noted. The means of AEMG (vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RF)) at pre and post -vibration stimulation were decreased. Two-factor repeated ANOVA detected significant differences in AEMG (VM and VL). Both main effects for pre-post condition (VL;F(1,7)=7.27, p = 0.0308, VM; F(1,7)=9.55, p = 0.0175) and action (F(1,7)=12.40, p = 0.0097) were noted in the VL and the VM but not in the RF. Furthermore, significant interaction (action x condition) effect was noted in the VM (F(1,7)=7.03, p = 0.0328) but not in the VL. The MVC and the EMG activity of the VL in response to the prolonged vibration stimulation were significantly reduced in eccentric contraction over concentric contraction. These results represented that a deactivation effect on the alpha MN of the VL during eccentric action was greater than that of concentric action.