Research article - (2014)13, 439 - 443
Correct, Fake and Absent Pre-Information Does Not Affect the Occurrence and Magnitude of the Bilateral Force Deficit
Lars Donath1,3,, Tobias Siebert2,4, Oliver Faude1, Christian Puta3
1Institute of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
2Institute of Sport Sciences, Department of Motion Science, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
3Institute of Sport Sciences, Department of Sports Medicine and Health Promotion, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
4University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany

Lars Donath
✉ Institute of Exercise and Health Science, Birsstrasse 320B, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
Email: lars.donath@unibas.ch
Received: 09-09-2013 -- Accepted: 13-02-2014
Published (online): 01-05-2014

ABSTRACT

The present study examined whether different pre-information conditions could lead to a volitional modulation of the occurrence and magnitude of the bilateral force deficit (BFD) during isometric leg press. Twenty trained male adults (age: 24.5 ± 1.7 years; weight: 77.5 ± 7.1 kg; height: 1.81 ± 0.05 m) were examined on three days within a week. Isometric leg press was performed on a negatively inclined leg press slide. Each participant completed three maximal isometric strength test sessions with different pre-information conditions given in a graphical chart: no pre-information (NPI; first day), false pre-information (FPI; bilateral force > sum of unilateral forces; second or third day) and correct pre-information (CPI; bilateral force < sum of unilateral forces; second or third day) during bilateral, unilateral-left and unilateral-right leg-press. The sum of left- and right-sided force values were calculated for bilateral (FBL = FBL_left + FBL_right) and unilateral (FUL = FUL_left + FUL_right) analyses. Force data for NPI revealed: Mean (SD): FUL_NPI = 3023 N (435) vs. FBL_NPI = 2812 (453); FPI showed FUL_FPI = 3013 N (459) vs. FBL_FPI = 2843 (446) and the CPI revealed FUL_CPI = 3035 (425) vs. FBL_CPI = 2844 (385). The three (no, false, correct) x 2 (FUL, FBL) rANOVA revealed a high significant main effect of Force (F = 61.82, p < 0.001). No significant main effect of the factor Condition and no significant interaction between Force x Condition was observed. The BFD does not rely on the trueness of the given pre-information (no, false, correct). Cognition-based volitional influences on the BFD on supra-spinal level seem negligible.

Key words: Bilateral force deficit, strength training, lower extremities, unilateral strength

Key Points
  • BFD is reliable occurring phenomenon
  • Available theoretical knowledge does not affect the BFD
  • Alternating sport should include alternating strength exercises








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