Table 2. Hormones, markers of inflammation and endothelial function in serum of female athletes with menstrual disorders (MD), regular menstrual cycles (E), or hormonal contraceptive (HC) users. Data are means (± SD) or median and range. |
| Hormone |
MD a
(n = 10) |
E b
(n = 13) |
HC c
(n = 16) |
Normal Range |
| Estradiol (pmol·L-1) |
378 (117) |
330 (143) |
323 (198) |
110–1470 |
| Progesterone (nmol·L-1) |
3.56 (1.23) c |
3.15 (.62) c |
2.60 (1.03) a,b |
< 3.2 |
| LH (IU·L-1) |
6.4 (1.5-17.1) |
6.8 (4.0-14.1) |
2.5 (1.1-17.1) |
1.7–15 |
| FSH (IU·L-1) |
4.7 (2.7-6.1) |
4.2 (2.7-6.4) |
3.5 (1.6-15.0) |
1.8–11.2 |
| Leptin (ng·mL-1) |
6.5 (1.7-16.1) |
6.8 (2.1-22.8) |
12.3 (4.3-27.9) |
2.5–9.0 |
| Cortisol (nmol·L-1) |
1137 ± 448 c |
1068 ± 379 c |
1653 ± 276 a,b |
170–860 |
| PTH (ng·L-1) |
47 (12) |
42 (19) |
43 (24) |
10–65 |
| Prolactin(pmol·L-1) |
503 (261-1043) |
565 (274-1710) |
636 (270-1913) |
< 4000 |
| TNF-a (pg·mL-1) |
19.1 (17.9-33.2)c |
12.4 (6.7-33.1) c |
34.9 (18.6-43.1) a,b |
<2 |
| CRP (mg·L-1) |
.50 (0-5.76) c |
2.40 (0-13.41) c
|
4.42 (0-13.87) a,b |
<10 |
| IL-6 (pg·mL-1) |
7.1 (2.9-12.4) |
9.1 (2.2-36.8) |
11.5 (3.5-88.7) |
<150 |
| sVCAM-1 (ng·mL-1) |
955 (572-1245) |
1072 (753-1726) |
970 (790-1194) |
400-800 |
|
Superscripts denote significantly (p < 0.05) differences between the groups. |
|