Table 1. Anatomic and maximal aerobic characteristics of male sumo wrestlers and untrained male controls from the current study, and combat, aerobic, and power sport male athletes from previous studies. Notes: Ht = height, Wt = weight, FFM = fat-free mass, pre. SMM = predicted skeletal muscle mass. Country indicates nationality of the athletes. Method indicates modality of VOmax test. Level indicates the competitive status attained by the participants tested. Sport Country n Height (cm) Weight (kg) % fat FFM (kg) Pre. SMM (kg) VO2max L/min VO2max ml/kg BM VO2max ml/kg SMM Method Level Reference Sumo wrestling Japan 8 176.6 117.0 24.0 88.9 48.2 3.60 31.1 74.8 CE College present study Untrained Japan 8 171.5 56.1 13.3 48.4 20.6 2.50 44.6 121.4 CE College present study Judo Canada 19 175.1 80.2 12.3 70.3 35.5 4.61 57.5 129.8 TM National Taylor and Brassard, 1981 Judo Canada 22 174.2 75.4 9.3 68.4 34.2 4.49 59.2 131.2 TM National Thomas et al., 1989 Karate Japan 7 172.9 66.3 10.7 59.2 28.0 3.81 57.5 136.4 TM College Imamura et al., 1998 Karate Japan 9 169.5 60.1 12.6 52.5 23.4 3.44 57.2 146.9 TM College Imamura et al., 1998 Boxers Italy 8 177.1 77.4 14.5 66.1 32.6 4.45 57.5 136.3 TM Elite amateur Guidetti et al., 2002 Wrestling US 25 173.3 80.6 8.4 73.8 37.9 4.49 55.7 118.5 TM Junior World Silva et al., 1981 Wrestling US 2 177.0 81.1 9.8 73.2 37.5 5.10 64.0 136.1 CE NCAA champ Fahey et al.,1975 Kendo Japan 7 171.0 71.2 12.8 62.1 29.9 3.91 54.9 130.6 TM College Hayashi, 1994 Football (Def. line) US 32 192.4 117.0 17.9 96.0 53.0 5.30 45.3 100.0 TM Professional Wilmore et al., 1976 Discus throw US 7 186.1 104.7 16.4 87.5 47.2 4.90 46.8 103.8 CE World champ Fahey et al., 1975 Shot put US 5 188.2 113.0 16.8 94.0 51.6 4.80 42.5 93.0 CE World champ Fahey et al., 1975 Basketball US 15 200.6 96.9 9.0 86.6 46.6 4.50 46.4 96.6 TM Professional Parr et al., 1978 Marathon US 8 176.7 61.9 5.3 58.6 27.6 4.58 74.0 166.2 TM Elite amateur Pollock, 1977 Long dist. running Finland 8 177.0 66.2 8.4 60.6 28.9 5.19 78.4 179.4 TM National Rusko et al., 1978 Rowing Australia 9 189.7 88.7 7.3 82.2 43.6 5.51 62.5 126.3 TM Olympic Novak et al., 1978 CC skiing Finland 17 174.0 69.3 10.2 62.2 30.0 5.42 78.3 180.6 TM National Rusko et al., 1978 MD running Canadian 7 176.7 67.0 7.8 61.8 29.7 5.09 76.0 171.3 TM National Ready, 1984 CE = cycle ergometer, TM = treadmill, CC = cross country, MD = middle distance.