Table 1.
Descriptive statistics (n = 40).
Variable
M
SD
Range
α
Age (years)
21.43
1.66
19 – 27
Competitive experiences (years)
2.66
1.60
1 – 8
Goal Orientations
Task
3.86
0.51
2.57 – 5.00
.84
Ego
3.15
0.70
1.67 – 5.00
.88
Mental Toughness
Self-confidence
20.38
3.18
15 – 28
.79
Negative Energy Control
18.88
2.24
14 – 23
.71
Attention Control
18.77
1.85
14 – 22
.58
Visual & Imagery Control
19.63
3.39
13 – 29
.79
Motivational Level
20.53
3.69
13 – 29
.79
Positive Energy Control
20.85
2.64
16 – 26
.65
Attitude Control
20.27
2.77
15 – 29
.73
Overall Mental Toughness (Total)
139.30
14.22
116 – 181