Table 2.
Mean (±standard deviation) kinematic descriptors of the kick at impact under each approach condition.
Approach Condition
Self-selected
30.3° (15.2°)
30°
45°
60°
Angle (degrees)
Ankle dorsiflexion
130.2 (11)
129.6 (11.1)
132.3 (11.6)
130.3 (13.3)
Shank abduction
21.3 (8.4)
20.6 (6.6)
27.4 (8.5)
28.9 (7.2)
Knee flexion
156.2 (10.1)
162.2 (8.8)
160.5 (9.7)
163.7 (9.8)
Supporting leg knee flexion
135.3 (7.8)
141.4 (10.9)
136.7 (7.8)
140.6 (7.5)
Hip flexion
147.6 (5)
148.5 (3.3)
149.9 (5.4)
153.1 (5.2)
Thigh abduction
20 (9) *
21.9 (7.5) *
29.9 (8.3)
33 (3.5)
Pelvic tilt
7.4 (4.8)
6.4 (4.2)
9 (4.6)
7.7 (2.7)
Displacement (cm)
Supporting foot lateral displacement from ball
32.7 (7)
31.1 (7.7)
34.6 (6.1)
41 (13.5)
Supporting foot posterior displacement from ball
9.7 (8.1)
10.6 (9.2)
11.3 (9.1)
11.7 (5.3)
* Significantly different to the 60° approach (p < 0.05).